اثرات گياه دارويي اسطوخودوس (Lavandula angostifolia) بر عملكرد رشد، نرخ بقاء و سيستم ايمني در ماهي آمور (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Effects of Lavandula angostifolia on growth performance, survival rate and immunity system in Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella

ﮔﯿﺎه اﺳﻄﻮﺧﻮدوس )Lavandula angostifolia( از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ داراي ﺧﺎﺻﯿﺖ ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ، ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺳﻄوح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﺼﺎره اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﺷﺪ، ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺧﻮنﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ آﻣﻮر )Ctenopharyngodon idella( ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ) 0/05± 11/1 ﮔﺮم و 0/3± 15/5 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯿﻤﺘﺮ( در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﯿﻤﺎر )ﺻﻔﺮ )ﺷﺎﻫﺪ(، 0/1% )T1(، 0/5% )T2( و 1% ) T3(( ﻋﺼﺎره اﺳﻄﻮﺧﻮدوس ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 8 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎ ﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ وزن ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي T3 و ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ )0/05>p(. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ FCR ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و T3ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ )0/05>p(. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮWG ، IBWو PERدر ﺗﯿﻤﺎر T3 و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ در ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ ) 0/05p(، اﻣﺎ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻟﻨﻔﻮﺳﯿﺖ، ﻣﻮﻧﻮﺳﯿﺖ، ﻧﻮﺗﺮوﻓ ﯿﻞ، MCV ،MCH و MCHCدر ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ )0/05p(. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﻣ ﯽﺗﻮان اﯾﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﯿﺎن ﻧﻤﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﯿﺎه اﺳﻄﻮﺧﻮدوس ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ آﻣﻮر دارد.

The Lavandula angostifolia is a medicinal plant that has the property of strengthening the immune system. In the present study, the effects of different levels of L. angostifolia extract on growth performance, survival rate and blood indices of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) (11.01 ± 0.05 g, 15.5 ± 0.3 cm) was investigated. The fish were didtributed in 4 treatments (0 (control), 0.1% (T1), 0.5% (T2) and 1% (T3)). The fish were fed for 8 weeks. The results showed highest and lowest weight in both leaves and lavender groups in T3 and control group, respectively (p<0.05). The highest and lowest FCR were observed in the control group and T3 treatment, respectively (p<0.05). WG, BWI and PER values in T3 had the highest value (p<0.05). CF in treatments containing common lavender was higher than control (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in HSI (p>0.05). The highest and lowest HSI was observed in control and T2 groups. No mortality was observed in the groups. The hematocrit, hemoglobin, RBC, WBC had significant difference (p<0.05) but lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, MCH, MCV and MCHC showed no significant difference (p>0.05). The levels of lysozyme, IgM and globulin in experimental treatments were significantly higher than control (p<0.05). In general, the extract of common lavender has a positive effect on improving the biological status of grass carp.