تاثير ليزوفسفوليپيد بر استفاده از منابع و سطوح مختلف كربوهيدرات در جيره قزل آلاي رنگين كمان Oncorhynchus mykiss

Effects of lysophospholipid on utilizing different sources and levels of carbohydrate in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) diet

ﻫﺪف از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻟﯿﺰوﻓﺴﻔﻮﻟﯿﭙﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪراﺗﯽ )ﭼﺎودار و ذرت( ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪ، ﻓﺮاﺳﻨﺠﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﻮﻧﯽ و ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻗﺰلآﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن ﺑﻮد. 480ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺑﭽﻪﻣﺎﻫﯽ ) 0/99± 26/7ﮔﺮم( ﺑﺎ ﺟﯿﺮهﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ذرت 100، ذرت 250، ذرت 100+ ﻟﯿﺰو، ذرت 250+ ﻟﯿﺰو، ﭼﺎودار 100، ﭼﺎودار 250، ﭼﺎودار 100+ ﻟﯿﺰو و ﭼﺎودار 250+ ﻟﯿﺰو در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ 2× 2 × 2 ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪرات، ﺳﻄﺢ و ﻟﯿﺰوﻓﺴﻔﻮﻟﯿﭙﯿﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ رﺷﺪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد وزن ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ، ﻧﺮخ رﺷﺪ وﯾﮋه و ﻏﺬاي ﻣﺼﺮفﺷﺪه در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ 100ﮔﺮم ذرت و ﭼﺎودار ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰودن ﻟﯿﺰوﻓﺴﻔﻮﻟﯿﭙﯿﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ ، اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﻋﮑﺲ اﻓﺰودن ﻟﯿﺰوﻓﺴﻔﻮﻟﯿﭙﯿﺪ در ﺟﯿﺮه ﻫﺎي ﺣﺎوي 250 ﮔﺮم از اﯾﻦ ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪراتﻫﺎ ﺳﺒﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﺷﺪ )p<0/05(. ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻠﺒﻮل ﻗﺮﻣﺰ و ﻫﻤﺎﺗﻮﮐﺮﯾﺖ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻠﯽ را ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﯿﺮه × ﻟﯿﺰو و ﻟﯿﺰو × ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ )p<0/05(. در ﺳﻄﺢ 100 ذرت ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻠﺒﻮل ﻗﺮﻣﺰ و ﻫﻤﺎﺗﻮﮐﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰودن ﻟﯿﺰو اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ )p<0/05(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻠﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﯿﺮه × ﻟﯿﺰو در ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﻠﺴﺘﺮول ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ )p<0/05(. ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﮐﻠﺴﺘﺮول ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰودن ﻟﯿﺰو ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭼﺎودار و ذرت ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ و در ﺟﯿﺮهﻫﺎي ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻟﯿﺰوﻓﺴﻔﻮﻟﯿﭙﯿﺪ در ﺟﯿﺮهﻫﺎي ﺣﺎوي 100ﮔﺮم ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪرات ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﺳﻄﺢ 250 ﮔﺮم ﺑﻮد )p<0/05(. ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﻗﺰلآﻻي ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از 250 ﮔﺮم ﭼﺎودار و ذرت را در ﺟﯿﺮه ﺣﺎوي ﭘﻮدر ﭼﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺪون ﻟﯿﺰوﻓﺴﻔﻮﻟﯿﭙﯿﺪ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻟﯿﺰوﻓﺴﻔﻮﻟﯿﭙﯿﺪ اﺛﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ دارد، در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 100 ﮔﺮم ذرت و ﭼﺎودار ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ رﺷﺪ و ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ ﺧﻮنﺳﺎزي ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary lysophospholipid and carbohydrates (rye and corn meal) on growth performance, blood and biochemical parameters in rainbow trout. So, 480 fish (6.70 ± 0.99 g in weight) were fed with experimental diets containing 100 g/kg corn, 250 g/kg corn, 100 g/kg corn + 9 g/kg lysophospholipid, 250 g/kg corn + 9 g/kg lysophospholipid, 100 g/kg rye, 250 g/kg rye, 100 g/kg rye + 9 g/kg lysophospholipid and 250 g/kg rye + 9 g/kg lysophospholipid in triplicate. The experimental design was a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Results of growth performance demonstrated elevating in final weight, specific growth rate and feed intake in Tcorn100+lyso and Tray100+lyso, whereas Tcorn250+lyso and Tray250+lyso contrarily led to lower growth performance (p<0.05). Also, RBC and hematocrit indicated interaction effects between diet × lysophospholipid and lysophospholipid × carbohydrate level (p<0.05). RBC and hematocrit were elevated in Tcorn100+lyso and Tray100+lyso (p<0.05). Comparative results of biochemical parameters showed reaction effects of cholesterol between diet × lysophospholipid (p<0.05). Cholesterol values reduced by adding lysophospholipid to different levels of rye and corn and also higher value was observed in Tcorn100+lyso and Tray100+lyso compared to Tcorn250+lyso and Tray250+lyso (p<0.05). It seems that rainbow trout has potency of using 250 g rye and corn in diet containing fat powder without lysophospholipid, while lysophospholipid negatively affects this level of carbohydrates. However, lysophospholipid helps enhancing growth and erythropoiesis in the levels of 100 g rye and corn