پديد آورندگان :
مدقالچي، ليلا دانشگاه هنر اسلامي تبريز - دانشكده معماري و شهرسازي , ميرغلامي، مرتضي دانشگاه هنر اسلامي تبريز - دانشكده معماري و شهرسازي , نيلي پور، مهدي دانشگاه هنر اسلامي تبريز - دانشكده معماري و شهرسازي
چكيده فارسي :
بوستان هاي شهري يكي از مهمترين فضاهاي شهري هستند. براي برنامه ريزي بوستان هاي شهري جهت استفاده انواع گروه هاي سني و جنسي، نياز است تا منابع فرهنگي بوستان هاي شهري كشف شوند و كشف منابع فرهنگي، با استفاده از برنامه ريزي فرهنگي امكان پذير است. برنامه ريزي فرهنگي يك رويكرد مكان محور براي استفاده از منابع فرهنگي در برنامه ريزي شهري است. مطالعۀ حاضر در پي يافتن الگويي براي برنامه ريزي فرهنگي بوستان هاي شهري بوده است. اين مقاله، با روش تفسيري به مطالعۀ مباني نظري و سوابق تجربي و پيشينۀ علمي پرداخته و سپس پديدۀ بوستان شهري، منابع فرهنگي و الگوي رويدادهاي آن را مورد بررسي قرار داده و در نهايت با توجه به رويكرد پژوهش و با استفاده از استدلال منطقي، مدل نهايي را براي آن ارائه شده است. يافته ها نشان مي دهند كه برنامه ريزي فرهنگي بوستان هاي شهري شامل مراحل مختلفي است كه لازم است به ترتيب انجام شوند تا نتيجۀ مطلوب حاصل شود. گام اول انتخاب ميدان مطالعه است. لازم است بوستاني انتخاب شود كه داراي تعدد و تنوع كافي در زمينۀ عناصر، رويدادها و همچنين معاني و تداعي ها براي استفاده كنندگان باشد. در گام دوم، يعني نگاشت فرهنگي، شناسايي منابع فرهنگي موجود در بوستان شهري مورد مطالعه شامل منابع فرهنگي ملموس (عناصر و رويدادها) و منابع فرهنگي ناملموس (معاني و تداعي ها) انجام مي شود. در گام سوم، يعني ارزيابي فرهنگي، تجزيه و تحليل رويكرد مديران و سياست گذاران بوستان شهري نسبت به منابع فرهنگي صورت مي گيرد و در گام پاياني، روش خلاقانه براي استفادۀ بهينه از منابع فرهنگي در جهت بهبود بوستان شهري انتخاب مي شود.
واژه‌هاي كل
چكيده لاتين :
In Iran, urban parks are one of the most important urban spaces. In the last one or two decades, with the changes that have taken place in the Iranian way of life, social interactions and the type of activity of people in urban parks have changed. What needs to be considered in this regard is how to plan for urban parks for the use of different age and sex groups. To do that, you need to discover the cultural resources of urban parks and the discovery of cultural resources is possible through cultural planning. Cultural planning has become one of the key approaches in urban planning. Cultural planning is a new place-based approach within which urban parks designers, planners and managers view culture. Cultural planning uses cultural resources in urban planning and urban parks include many types of cultural resources; therefore, it seems urban parks are one of the best places to be selected for cultural planning. Cultural planning uses cultural resources to enhance urban and community development. Cultural resources as the core part of cultural planning play a key role to form the pattern of events in urban parks. Cultural resources in urban parks can be categorized as urban parks, visible elements, and events (tangible resources); and meanings and associations (intangible resources). Elements and events present in urban parks are capable of evoking meanings and associations for them and lead them to form activities and events. These elements consist of man-made elements, natural elements, sensory elements, humans, animals and plants. Urban parks designers, planners and managers need to consider these elements and related events as tangible cultural resources that can be altered, replaced or reinforced. The tangible cultural resources in urban parks can lead to evoke meanings and associations for users as intangible cultural resources. The present study sought to find a model of cultural planning of urban parks. Interpretive methods have been used to study the theoretical foundations and the empirical background and to examine the phenomenon of urban park, cultural resources and the pattern of its events. Finally, the proposed model is presented. The findings show that the cultural planning of urban parks includes various stages that need to be done in order to achieve the desired result. The first step is to choose the field of study. It is necessary to choose an urban park that has enough variety of elements and events, as well as meanings and associations for users. In the second step, cultural mapping, the cultural resources in the studied urban park are identified, including tangible cultural resources (elements and events) and intangible cultural resources (meanings and associations). In the third step, cultural assessment, the approach of urban park managers and policy makers towards cultural resources is analyzed and in the final step, creative methods are used to make optimal use of cultural resources to improve the urban park. First, the hierarchical method of urban park facilities is used to ensure that the facilities of the parks are adequate and appropriate to the needs of the community. Later on, the range of recreational opportunities appropriate to cultural resources and the diversity of users in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, language and diversity of cultural resources are presented. Conflicts, issues and problems will then be identified. For conflicts, major issues and problems that require immediate action, the approach of issues (categories) is used, and for conflicts, minor issues and problems, the organic or gradual approach is used. To promote the health, welfare and well-being of users, a community development approach is used that can make optimal use of cultural resources to empower the community, increase the sense of identity and sense of belonging to the parks’ users.
