كليدواژه :
روان درماني مثبت نگر , بهزيستي معنوي , شادكامي , اختلال افسردگي
چكيده فارسي :
افسردگي از جمله مشكلات عمدۀ سلامت عمومي دانشجويان است كه يك علت پيش رو براي ناتواني و ازكار افتادگي در جهان است. هدف اين پژوهش، تعيين اثربخشي روان درماني مثبت نگر بر بهزيستي معنوي و شادكامي دانشجويان مبتلا به اختلال افسردگي بود. روش بررسي: روش پژوهش، نيمه آزمايشي با طرح پيش آزمون پس آزمون با گروه گواه بود. جامعهٔ آماري اين پژوهش را تمامي دانشجويان مبتلا به افسردگي دانشگاه پيام نور شهرستان تهران در سال تحصيلي 1396- 1397 تشكيل داده بودند. با استفاده از روش نمونهگيري در دسترس، 30 نفر از جامعهٔ مذكور انتخاب شدند و در دو گروه آزمايش و گواه، به صورت تصادفي جايگزين شدند. پرسشنامه هاي بهزيستي معنوي اليسون و پالوتزين و شادكامي آكسفورد اجرا شد. سپس جلسات روان درماني مثبت نگر در 8 جلسه براي گروه آزمايش اجرا شد؛ اما براي گروه گواه، هيچ گونه مداخله اي اعمال نشد. داده هاي لازم جمع آوري شد و با استفاده از روش تحليل كوواريانس در سطح 5 درصد به تحليل يافته ها پرداخته شد. يافته ها: ميانگين و انحراف معيار بهزيستي معنوي نمرۀ گروه آزمايش، به ترتيب از32.20±8.08 به 52.93±11.24و شادكامي از 42.93±9.20 به 59.73±12.34 افزايش پيدا كرد و نتايج تحليل كوواريانس نشان داد كه روان درماني مثبت نگر، بهزيستي معنوي و شادكامي دانشجويان مبتلا به افسردگي را افزايش مي دهد. (p<0.001) نتيجه گيري: روان درماني مثبت نگر بر افزايش بهزيستي معنوي و شادكامي دانشجويان مبتلا به اختلال افسردگي مؤثر است.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objectives: Depression is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), by 2020, after cardiovascular disease, depression will be the second most threatening health issue worldwide. Depression affects the occupational
and socioeconomic status of affected people and influences their individual and social life. Depression is among the major problems in the general health of students, i.e., one of the leading causes of disability globally. Given the research evidence in explaining the emergence of
depression, it seems that prior to the treatment, it is important to consider the mediators that significantly impact depression. These factors include
spiritual well-being and happiness. Therefore, the present study determined the effects of positive psychotherapy on the spiritual well-being and
happiness among students with depressive disorder.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and a control group design. The statistical population of this study included
all students with depression in the Payame Noor University of Tehran in the 2017-2018 academic year. A sample of 30 students was selected
through a simple convenience sampling technique among students with depression. Then, the selected students were randomly assigned in the
experimental and control groups (n=15 per group). After selecting the study subjects, the first two groups were subjected to a pretest using the
Ellison and Palutzian Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. In total, 8 psychotherapy sessions were
provided to the experimental group; however, the control group received no treatment. At the end of the treatment course, both groups were
reassessed (posttest). Next, the obtained data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS at 0.95 confidence level.
Results: The study findings suggested significant changes in the spiritual wellbeing and happiness scores of the experimental group, compared
to the controls. The mean spiritual well-being scores of the experimental group increased from 32.20±8.08 to 52.93±11.24; their mean happiness
scores increased from 42.93±9.20 to 59.73±12.34. However, the control group scores were at a modest range. The ANCOVA results revealed
that positive psychotherapy increased the spiritual well-being and happiness of the investigated depressed students (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Positive psychotherapy has been effective in increasing spiritual well-being and happiness among students with depression. By this
method in depression patients, an effective measure can be taken in this regard. In other words, teaching techniques and positive thinking skills to individuals help to improve the positive relationship with oneself, others, and the world.
