پديد آورندگان :
تميمي، يگانه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد علوم و تحقيقات، تهران، ايران - گروه روان شناسي , سليماني زاده، نگين دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ايران - گروه مشاوره , افتخاري، نفيسه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد علوم و تحقيقات، تهران، ايران - گروه مشاوره , نعمتي، زينب دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد علوم و تحقيقات، تهران، ايران - گروه روان شناسي
كليدواژه :
پذيرش و تعهد , سازگاري اجتماعي , اضطراب اجتماعي , مادران كودكان اتيسم
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: از آنجاكه بين كودك و سازگاري اعضاي خانواده ارتباط دوطرفه اي وجود دارد، مشكلات كودك و چالش هاي مربوط به ناتواني وي مي تواند بر حالات روان شناختي مادر اثرات منفي وارد كند. هدف اين پژوهش تعيين اثربخشي درمان پذيرش و تعهد بر سازگاري و اضطراب اجتماعي مادران داراي كودك اتيسم بود. روش بررسي: در پژوهش حاضر از روش نيمه آزمايشي و طرح پيش آزمون و پس آزمون با گروه گواه استفاده شد. جامعهٔ آماري را تمامي مادران داراي فرزند مبتلا به اتيسم شهرستان تهران تشكيل دادند. از اين جامعه، سي نفر به صورت هدفمند انتخاب شدند و به طور تصادفي در دو گروه(پانزده تايي) آزمايشي و گواه قرار گرفتند. پرسشنامه هاي سازگاري اجتماعي بل(1961) و اضطراب اجتماي كانور و همكاران (2000) ابزار تحقيق بود. يافته هاي پژوهش درنهايت با نرم افزار SPSS نسخهٔ 20 و آزمون كواريانس در سطح 0/05 تحليل شدند. نتيجه گيري: برطبق نتايج حاصل، اين مطالعه نشان مي دهد كه درمان مبتني بر پذيرش و تعهد براي مادران داراي فرزند مبتلا به اتيسم قابليت كاربرد داشته و بر بهبود سازگاري و
اضطراب اجتماعي اثربخش است.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objective: According to the world health organization (WHO), in 1975, out of every 5,000 people, one person suffered from autism disorder. There was an increase of 166 in 2004, and one person has had autism disorder from 42 children in 2014. Parents with autism
have a unique and unique challenge in their lives and experience high levels of stress and psychological distress in the end, leading to psychological disorders such as lack of compliance, resilience, depression, and anxiety. Most previous studies focused on children with autism,
while few studies have investigated the effect of psychological interventions on the problems of mothers of this group as their primary caregivers.
Therefore, due to the increasing population of autistic children and the need for attention of autistic children mothers due to the psychological
pressures faced by mothers, attention to the issue of autistic children mothers, especially social persistence, is important. This study suggested
that group therapy based on acceptance and commitment to mothers can help to improve their social adjustment and resilience. Therefore, the
main goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on social adjustment and the resilience of
autistic children mothers.
Methods: In this study, a semi–experimental, pre–test and post–test design with control group was used. The statistical population of this study
was all mothers with autism children in Tehran (capital city of Iran). From this society, 30 people were selected purposefully and randomly
replaced in two groups (n=15 for each group) with a trial and a test. The method followed that coordination with the authorities of the clinic and
the welfare organization of Tehran began the implementation of the research. First, a pre–test of social adjustment and social anxiety
questionnaire was performed for both groups (experimental and control), then acceptance and commitment treatment sessions were performed
in 8 sessions for the experimental group, but no intervention was applied to the control group. At the end of the experimental intervention, the
experimental group and the post–test control group performed. In order to observe the research ethics for the control group after therapy sessions
with research as well as research samples assured of confidentiality of information. The required data collected. Finally, using SPSS software
version 20, independent T tests performed to compare the age of the two groups and covariance test to measure the effectiveness at the level of
0.05 to analyze the findings.
Results: The experimental group scores significantly changed in each group in comparison to the control group scores in each adjustment and
social anxiety. Therefore, the mean social adjustment score of the experimental group increased from 13.512±4.742 in the pretest to 23.125±7.261
in the post–test phase and the mean social anxiety score of the experimental group was 41.526±10.136 in the pretest stage, the rate of post–test
was reduced by 20.518±8.126. The result of covariance analysis showed that after eliminating the effect of pre–test, the mean scores of post–
test of two groups were statistically significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: This study showed that acceptance and commitment therapy for mothers with autistic children could be used as a psychological
intervention along with other interventions and could be a good treatment to improve the adaptation and anxiety of mothers with autistic children.
Therefore, the use of acceptance and commitment–based treatment by psychologists and counselors can help to improve the compatibility and anxiety of scars with children with autism.
