كليدواژه :
منبع كنترل , اميد به زندگي , شادكامي , مادران
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: مادران داراي كودكان با ناتواني يادگيري خاص به‌دليل مشكلات مواجه‌شده، نيازمند الگوهاي مقابله‌اي و قوي هستند. هدف اين پژوهش بررسي رابطهٔ كانون كنترل با اميد به زندگي و شادكامي مادران كودكان با ناتواني يادگيري خاص شهر تهران بود.
روش‌بررسي: پژوهش حاضر توصيفي‌تحليلي از نوع همبستگي بود. جامعهٔ آماري پژوهش را مادران داراي كودكان با ناتواني يادگيري خاص تشكيل دادند كه فرزندشان در مدارس ابتدايي استثنايي شهر تهران در سال تحصيلي 98-1397 مشغول به تحصيل بود. با روش نمونه‌گيري دردسترس 180 مادر داراي اين فرزندان به‌عنوان نمونهٔ آماري انتخاب شدند. جهت جمع‌آوري داده‌ها از مقياس منبع كنترل راتر (1966) و پرسشنامهٔ شادكامي آكسفورد (1995) و پرسشنامهٔ اميد اسنايدر (1995) استفاده شد. براي تحليل داده‌ها، همبستگي پيرسون و رگرسيون چندمتغيره به‌كار رفت (0٫05=α). همچنين داده‌ها به‌كمك ويراست 21 نرم‌افزار SPSS تحليل شدند.
يافته‌ها: باتوجه به نتايج پژوهش، بين منبع كنترل و اميد به زندگي مادران رابطهٔ مثبت و معناداري به‌دست آمد (0٫005=p). يافته‌هاي حاصل از نتايج رگرسيون چندمتغيره براي پيش‌بيني اميد به زندگي مادران مشخص كرد كه منبع كنترل دروني رابطهٔ مثبت و معناداري با اميد به زندگي اين مادران دارد (0٫024=p). همچنين نتايج بين منبع كنترل با شادكامي مادران رابطهٔ مثبت و معناداري را نشان مي‌دهد (0٫001>p). براساس يافته‌هاي حاصل از تحليل رگرسيون چندمتغيره هم‌زمان براي پيش‌بيني شادكامي مادران، منبع كنترل دروني رابطهٔ مثبت و معناداري با شادكامي مادران داشته است (0٫025=p).
نتيجه‌گيري: منبع كنترل نقش اساسي در پيش‌بيني اميد به زندگي و شادكامي مادران داراي فرزندان با ناتواني يادگيري خاص دارد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objectives: Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a biological source that causes cognitive problems. Learning disability is the main cause of poor educational performance. The mothers of children with SLD require strong coping
patterns because of the problems they encounter. Hope, on the other hand, is a cognitive complex based on a sense of accomplishment, i.e., influenced by various characteristics. Life expectancy is a powerful mental resource and a form of rebirth, i.e., vital to mankind. In addition,
happiness has three important parts, as follows: positive emotions or feelings of happiness, life satisfaction, and the lack of negative emotions,
e.g., anxiety and depression. Interacting with others, having a purpose in life, being loved by others, and developing a personality are the pillars
of happiness. The Locus of Control (LoC) is a person's general and sustained belief in the manageability of life outcomes. LoC refers to
individuals’ beliefs about how to control the environment. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between LoC and life
expectancy and happiness in the mothers of children with SLD.
Methods: This was a descriptive–analytic and correlational research. The statistical population of the study included all mothers of elementary
school students with SLD at exceptional children schools in Tehran City, Iran, in the academic year of 2018–19. A sample of 180 mothers with
their children was selected through convenience sampling technique. The required data were collected using the Rotter's Locus of Control Scale
(1966), Oxford Happiness Inventory (1995), and Snyder Hope Scale (1995). Pearson’s correlation and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance
(MANCOVA) were used for data analysis (α=0.05). The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS.
Results: According to the achieved results, there was a positive and significant relationship between the LoC and mothers' life expectancy
(p=0.005). MANCOVA data for predicting life expectancy indicated that an internal LoC had a positive and significant relationship with life
expectancy in the studied mothers (p=0.024). The results also signified a positive and significant relationship between LoC and the investigated
mothers' happiness (p<0.001). According to the MANCOVA results for predicting happiness, LoC had a positive and significant relationship
with the investigated mothers' happiness (p=0.025). Conclusion: LoC significantly affects predicting the life expectancy and happiness of the mothers of children with SLD.
