تاثير تمرين مقاومتي كم شدت همراه با محدوديت جريان خون (BFR) تناوبي و تداومي بر P38 و PI3K در مردان ميانسال غيرفعال

The effect of low intensity resistance training with intermittent and continuous blood flow restriction (BFR) on P38 and PI3K in inactive middle-aged men

زمينه و هدف روش زندگي كم تحرك با گسترش رويدادهاي باليني خطرناك در افراد ميانسال همراه است. هدف از انجام اين تحقيق، تبيين تاثير تمرين مقاومتي كم شدت همراه با محدوديت جريان خون (BFR) تناوبي و تداومي بر P38 و PI3K در مردان ميانسال غيرفعال بود. روش كار در اين تحقيق نيمه تجربي، 45 مرد ميانسال سالم غيرفعال (سن 40 تا 65 سال) به طور تصادفي به سه گروه تمرين مقاومتي همراه با محدوديت جريان خون (BFR) تناوبي، تمرين مقاومتي همراه با BFR تداومي، تمرين مقاومتي بدون BFR تقسيم شدند. گروه هاي تمرين مقاومتي كم شدت همراه با BFR تناوبي و تداومي، سه جلسه تمرين در هفته همراه با محدوديت جريان خون با فشار كاف 110 ميلي متر جيوه در ناحيه ران طي 8 هفته اجرا كردند. همچنين گروه تمرين مقاومتي، 3 جلسه در هفته بدون BFR تمرين كردند. در پايان مداخله، نمونه خوني گرفته شد. داده ها به روش t وابسته، تحليل واريانس يك طرفه و آزمون تعقيبي توكي در سطح معني داري 05/0p< تجزيه و تحليل شدند. يافته ها نتايج نشان داد كه تمرين مقاومتي كم شدت همراه با BFR تناوبي و تداومي منجر به كاهش معني دار ميزان p38 (0/001 p=) و افزايش معني دار سطوح PI3kinase نسبت به گروه تمرين مقاومتي بدون BFR در مردان ميانسال شد (0/001 p=) همچنين بين تاثير دو روش تمرين همراه با BFR تفاوت معني داري مشاهده نشد (0/05

A sedentary lifestyle is associated with the spread of dangerous clinical events in middle-aged people. The most serious health problems of sedentary lifestyle are obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In the cardiovascular system, cellular responses to various stimuli are mediated through coordinated signaling pathways. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a family of known proteins that play an important role in these signaling events. However, this family also has good and bad members who can protect or damage the heart. P38 is expressed in heart cells. In cultured cells of heart tissue, P38 activity induces myocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis, as well as increased cytokine production. Also, in the cardiovascular system, special emphasis has been placed on the role of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) in health and disease. Studies have shown that the PI3K-Akt signaling cascade is associated with cardiac hypertrophy.Resistance training improves strength and muscle mass and cardiovascular function in middle-aged and elderly people. However, many inactive people are reluctant to exercise at moderate or high intensity, and high intensity training may not be appropriate for these people and may be associated with injury. Therefore, the effectiveness of alternative training methods has been investigated. Among these methods is low intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFR). Research has reported an increase in cardiovascular function after resistance training with BFR.it may be possible to achieve an optimal training method for inactive middle-aged people, for treatment and to prevent the effects of aging, by determining the effect of blood flow restriction with low intensity resistance training on cardiovascular parameters. However, the effects of intermittent and continuous blood flow restriction on inactive cardiovascular parameters are not known, Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low intensity resistance training with intermittent and continuous blood flow restriction (BFR) on P38 and PI3K in inactive middle-aged men. Methods This is a semi-experimental study. This research was conducted on inactive healthy middle-aged men. 45 inactive healthy middle-aged men (40-65 years) were randomly divided into three groups include resistance training with intermittent BFR, resistance training with continuous BFR, Resistance training without BFR. Low-intensity resistance training groups with intermittent and continuous BFR performed 3 sessions per week blood flow restriction with a cuff pressure of 110 mm Hg in the thigh area for 8 weeks. also, the resistance training group performed the exercise, 3 sessions per week without BFR. At the end of the intervention, blood was taken. The p38 and PI3kinase levels were measured by ELISA kit. Data were analyzed by dependent t test, One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test at the p<0.05. Results Data analysis showed that there was a difference between changes of p38 and PI3kinase levels in middle-aged men in different research groups (p=0.001). The results showed that low-intensity resistance training with intermittent and continuous BFR led to significant decrease in p38 (p=0.001), as well as significant increase in PI3kinase levels compared to the resistance training group without BFR in middle-aged men (p=0.001). There was no significant difference between the effect of two methods training with BFR (p<0.05). Conclusion The results of our study suggest that both low-intensity resistance training with intermittent and continuous BFR may have greater cardiac benefits for middle-aged people than low-intensity resistance training. The findings of this study were consistent with the results of Previous research [31-29]. Regarding the mechanisms of change of MAPKs following exercise with BFR, it seems that part of the activation of this pathway is due to increased GH secretion, fluid exchange between blood and active muscle tissue, and BFR-induced hypoxia [26-28]. Regarding the mechanisms affecting PI3K changes, it has been reported that high expression of IGF-1 or IGF receptors activates PI3K (p110α) and induces physiological hypertrophy of the heart and myocardial infarction. Therefore, it is possible that low-intensity resistance training with intermittent and continuous BFR and low-intensity resistance training without BFR in the present study led to an increase in PI3K by affecting IGF-1 levels. There were some limitations in the present study, such as the lack of measurement of other cardiovascular indicators in inactive middle-aged men. Also, Measurement of cardiac function indices can more clearly show the effects of resistance training with BFR on the cardiovascular system in inactive middle-aged people. According to the results, it seems that low intensity resistance training with intermittent and continuous blood flow restriction (BFR) can help improve cardiovascular performance in inactive middle-aged men, and there is no difference between the two methods.