پديد آورندگان :
پاينده، فريبا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، كرج، ايران , برجعلي، محمود دانشگاه خوارزمي، تهران، ايران , كلهرنيا گلكار، مريم دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، كرج، ايران - گروه روان شناسي
كليدواژه :
روان رنجورخويي , برون گرايي , گشودگي نسبت به تجربه , مقبوليت , وظيفه شناسي , ديابت , ويژگي هاي شخصيتي , زنان
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: ديابت يكي از علل عمدهٔ بيماري‌زايي و مرگ‌ومير و افزايش هزينه‌هاي خدمات بهداشتي در سرتاسر جهان به‌شمار مي‌رود. بر اين اساس، هدف از مطالعۀ حاضر مقايسهٔ ويژگي‌هاي شخصيتي در زنان با و بدون ديابت نوع دوم بود.
روش‌بررسي: اين پژوهش به‌صورت علّي-مقايسه‌اي از نوع مقطعي با روش نمونه‌گيري دردسترس روي 90 زن مبتلا به ديابت نوع دوم و 90 زن بدون ديابت مراجعه‌كننده به انجمن ديابت شهر كرج در سال 1397 انجام شد. ابزار به‌كاررفته پرسشنامهٔ تجديدنظرشدهٔ شخصيت پنج‌عاملي كاستا و مك‌كري بود. در مطالعهٔ حاضر، از تحليل واريانس چندمتغيره (مانووا) در سطح معناداري 0٫05 و نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخهٔ 24 استفاده شد.
يافته‌ها: نتايج تحليل واريانس چندمتغيره نشان داد كه ويژگي‌هاي شخصيتي بين دو گروه زنان با و بدون ديابت نوع دوم تفاوت معناداري دارد (0٫001> p). به اين صورت كه ميانگين نمرهٔ روان‌رنجورخويي در زنان با ديابت نوع دوم به‌طور معناداري بيشتر از زنان بدون ديابت است. همچنين ميانگين نمرهٔ برون‌گرايي، گشودگي نسبت به تجربه، مقبوليت و وظيفه‌شناسي در زنان با ديابت نوع دوم به‌طور معناداري كمتر از زنان بدون ديابت است (0٫001>p).
نتيجه‌گيري: برپايهٔ يافته‌هاي اين پژوهش مي‌توان گفت كه اين نتايج تلويحات مهمي در مسائل روان‌شناختي و آسيبشناسي بيماري ديابت دارد. بر اين اساس، روان‌شناسان باليني و مشاوره مي‌توانند از نتايج تحقيق براي پيشگيري و درمان مشكلات شخصيتي ناشي از بيماري ديابت استفاده كنند.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objectives: Diabetes is a chronic disease of the endocrine metabolism, i.e., associated with the body's inability to metabolize glucose effectively. Types 1 and 2 diabetes are the most frequent types of this disease, requiring long–term treatment; of the most important
complications are psychological and personality disorders that negatively affect the patient's ability to receive and maintain medical care.
Regarding the spread of diabetes in Iran and other countries, efforts and measures to prevent, control, and cure this disease are often focused on
medical and pharmaceutical care; but, the psychological and personality factors have been less considered. Therefore, exploring personality traits
to recognize the factors associated with diabetes can help to identify those who are susceptible to this disorder. It could also be beneficial in the
prevention, incidence control, and treatment of patients. Recognizing personality traits in diabetic and healthy people is of importance;
accordingly, the current results could be used in plans for the elaboration of a healthy lifestyle and prevent the development of chronic diseases,
like diabetes. Some personality traits are related to the type of nutrition and unhealthy lifestyle; thus, conducting such research is inevitable.
According to the literature, data comparing personality characteristics in women with and without type 2 diabetes are scarce. Theoretically, the
present study results could enhance the understanding of personality factors affecting type 2 diabetes. Practically, special attention should be
paid to personality traits for the proper prevention and screening of diabetic patients. Furthermore, neuroticism, extroversion, openness to
experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness play an inhibitory role in the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, based on these
characteristics, the occurrence and non–occurrence of diabetes mellitus can be relatively predicted based on the other associating factors.
Diabetes is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and increased healthcare costs worldwide. Accordingly, the present study compared personality
characteristics of women with type II diabetes and their healthy counterparts.
Methods: Using a convenience sampling method, this cross–sectional study was conducted on 90 women with type 2 diabetes, referring to the
Diabetes Association in Karaj City, Iran, in 2017 as well as 90 healthy women as the control group. The Revised NEO Personality Inventory by
Costa and McCrea was applied to collect data. In addition, Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used for data analysis in SPSS
at a significance level of α=0.05.
Results: The MANOVA results suggested a significant difference between personality characteristics in women with type 2 diabetes and healthy
women (p<0.001). Besides, the mean scores of neuroticism in women with type 2 diabetes were significantly higher than those of their healthy
counterparts. Moreover, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness values in women with type 2 diabetes were
significantly lower than those of the healthy subjects (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The study findings have significant implications for the pathology of type 2 diabetes. Accordingly, professionals in clinical psychology and counseling could use these results for the prevention and treatment of personality problems caused by type 2 diabetes.
