كليدواژه :
تمرين پيش رونده , پلي مورفيسم , دانشجويان نظامي , درد اندام تحتاني , Booster session
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف
هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسي اثر 16 هفته تمرين هاي ورزشي پيش رونده بر بيان ژن هاي پيش بيني كننده ايجاد درد در اندام تحتاني دانشجويان دانشگاه افسري امام علي(ع) بود.
روش كار
پژوهش حاضر از نوع نيمه تجربي است. تعداد 100 دانشجوي سال اول دانشگاه افسري امام علي (ع) به شكل تصادفي به سه گروه كنترل 37=n، گروه تمرين پيش رونده (33=n) و گروه تمرين پيش رونده+booster session (جلسه هاي تمريني با شدت دو برابر) (30=n) تقسيم شدند. براي بررسي بيان ژن هاي SMAD3 ، GDF5 و ASPN از تكنيك Real-time PCR استفاده شد. داده ها با بكارگيري از آناليز واريانس يك طرفه (One-way ANOVA) و آزمون تعقيبي Tukey با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 22 در سطح معنا داري 05/0≤p تجزيه و تحليل شدند.
يافته ها
نتايج پژوهش نشان داد بيان ژن ASPN در گروه تمرين +booster session در مقايسه با گروه تمرين و نسبت به گروه كنترل به ترتيب تفاوت معناداري وجود داشت (0/05 ≤p). بيان ژن SMAD3 در گروه تمرين +booster session در مقايسه با گروه تمرين تفاوت معناداري وجود داشت (0/05 ≤p) و در قياس با گروه كنترل تفاوت معناداري وجود نداشت 0/05 ≥p . بيان ژنGDF5 گروه تمرين +booster session در مقايسه با گروه تمرين (0/02 ≤p) و نسبت به گروه كنترل تفاوت معناداري وجود داشت (0/05 ≤p).
نتيجه گيري:
به نظر مي رسد تمرين هاي پيش رونده مي تواند بيان ژني پلي مورفيسم هاي مرتبط با بروز درد در مفصل زانو را تعديل كند. در نتيجه بهتر است از تركيب تمرين هاي پيش رونده با جلسه هاي booster session استفاده شود.
چكيده لاتين :
Knee pain is one of the most common pains complained of by military officer’s students. Musculoskeletal injuries due to increased load are the reason for the loss of a significant part of the useful time of basic military training and are one of the important reasons for reducing the use of military training. One of the important genetic indicators that SMAD3, GDF5, and asporin (ASPN) genes have been studied to predict the incidence of joint pain and osteoarthritis, especially in the knee joint. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the expression of genes that predict the incidence of pain in the lower extremities after 16 weeks of progressive exercise. D14 paid for the aspirin gene (ASPN).
Methods
The statistical population of the present study was the students of Imam Ali (AS) Military University. Inclusion criteria were no abnormalities in the lower limbs that could be seen by visual and functional assessments. He was in good health and had no history of surgery or trauma injuries in the past six months. A total of 100 students were randomly selected and volunteered to complete their research by completing a research application form. Subjects were randomly divided into three groups: training intervention, training intervention with booster session, and control. To determine the genotype of each subject, after 12 hours of fasting, 10 ml of venous blood was taken at 8 am in the University Medical Center by a laboratory science expert under the supervision of a physician and used to extract DNA. Blood sampling was taken twice, the first time before the start of the training intervention and the second time after 16 weeks of training, and one day after the last day of training. DNA was extracted from blood leukocytes by the salting-out method. After digestion of DNA with a type of shear enzyme, a large number of fragments of different lengths were obtained, and then these fragments were separated using agarose gel, which was possible to identify a specific fragment using direct and inverse primers. Some of the SMAD3, GDF5, and ASPN genes containing the studied polymorphisms were amplified by PCR technique.The exercises were held in four levels and each level was performed with a specific purpose for a period of one month. From the first to the fourth level, the exercises are progressive. The sessions were conducted three sessions per week and each session lasted for 60 minutes. In the group that did the + booster session, the subjects in the last training session of each week did the exercises of that week with twice the duration of each set in the first sessions. But the booster session group did the exercises without changing the time. To evaluate and determine the intensity of sports activity, a Polar telemetry clock was used for several subjects, which was used to control and monitor changes in subjectschr('39') heartbeats.
Results
Results showed that SMAD3 gene expression in the training + booster session group was significantly different from the training group and there was no significant difference compared to the control group (P≥0.05). Also, the expression of the SMAD3 gene in the exercise group was significantly different from the control group (P≤0.05). ASPN gene expression in the training + booster session group was significantly different from the training group and the control group (P≤0.05). There was a significant difference in the expression of gene expression in the exercise group compared to the control group (P≤0.05). GDF5 gene expression in the training + booster session group was significantly different from the training group and the control group (P≤0.05). There was a significant difference in gene expression of the exercise group compared to the control group (P≤0.05).
Conclusion
Progressive training seems to have two special features that distinguish this type of exercise from other types of exercise programs. The first proposition is that in this type of exercise, stretching or stretching combined with resistance activities usually bears the weight of the body, which combines the characteristics of resistance training and stretching exercises. Also involved in this type of exercise are the tiny muscles, which in turn are important in the development of common deep pain. The second proposition is the activation of profundity receptors in this type of exercise. These receptors are activated during imbalance and protect the muscle and joint from injury when there is an imbalance of weight and joint angle. Given that the expression of ASPN and GDF5 genes in the exercise groups with booster session was significantly reduced compared to the group with the exercise program alone, it is possible that the intensity of the exercise program can be effective in changing the expression of genes predicting pain. . In the booster sessions, the intensity of the exercises increased with the increase of training sets. Studies that have reported booster sessions in training sessions have also reported improved patient rehabilitation and pain relief, especially in the lower extremities. Therefore, it can be concluded that progressive exercise can modulate the gene expression of polymorphisms associated with pain in the lower extremities, especially the knee joint. As a result, it is better to use a combination of progressive exercises with booster sessions, and in the military, including officer students, operational forces and even staff can be a factor to prevent pain in the lower extremities, especially in the area. Be on your knees.
