پديد آورندگان :
موسوي، سالم دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد بين المللي خرمشهر-خليج فارس، خرمشهر، ايران - گروه روان شناسي سلامت , احتشام زاده، پروين دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد اهواز، اهواز، ايران - گروه روان شناسي , افتخار صعادي، زهرا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد اهواز، اهواز، ايران - گروه روان شناسي , حيدرئي، عليرضا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد اهواز، اهواز، ايران - گروه روان شناسي
كليدواژه :
درمان با tDCS , ولع مصرف , خودكنترلي , اعتياد
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: اعتياد به معناي پاسخ فيزيولوژيك بدن به مصرف مداوم مواد اعتيادآور است. عوامل مهمي كه در موفقيت يا نبود موفقيت افراد وابسته به مواد در ترك وجود دارد، خودكنترلي و ولع مصرف است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسي اثربخشي درمان با tDCS بر ولع مصرف و خودكنترلي در افراد وابسته به مواد مخدر بود.
روش بررسي: روش پژوهش از نوع نيمه‌آزمايشي با طرح پيش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه گواه بود. جامعهٔ آماري پژوهش تمامي افراد وابسته به مواد مراجعه‌كننده به بيمارستان گلستان شهر اهواز در سال 1398 بودند كه با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گيري هدف‌مند تعداد 40 نفر از آنان انتخاب شدند. سپس به‌صورت تصادفي در گروه‌هاي آزمايشي و گواه (هر گروه 20 نفر) قرار گرفتند. به‌منظور گردآوري اطلاعات از پرسشنامۀ ولع مصرف (فرانكن و همكاران، 2002) و مقياس خودكنترلي (تانجي و همكاران، 2004) استفاده شد. گروه آزمايشي تحت درمان با tDCS قرار گرفت؛ اما گروه گواه هيچ‌گونه مداخله‌اي دريافت نكرد. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون آماري تحليل كوواريانس، در سطح معناداري 0٫05 تجزيه‌وتحليل شد.
يافته‌ها: نتايج نشان داد كه درمان با tDCS بر بهبود ولع مصرف (0٫002=p، 11٫67=F) و خودكنترلي (0٫004=p، 52٫13=F) افراد وابسته به مواد مخدر مؤثر بود.
نتيجه‌گيري: براساس يافته‌هاي اين پژوهش مي‌توان گفت كه درمان با tDCS بر بهبود ولع مصرف و خودكنترلي افراد وابسته به مواد مخدر مؤثر است و مي‌توان از آن براي بهبود وضعيت افراد وابسته به اين مواد استفاده كرد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objectives: Substance dependence indicates the body's physiological response to the constant use of addictive substances; selfcontrol and craving are essential in the success or failure of treatment in substance-dependent individuals. Craving is among the persistent factors
in addictive behaviors. Craving is a tendency that, if not fulfilled, can lead to biopsychological conditions in substance abusers, including aggression, anxiety, depression, and vulnerability. Accordingly, craving seems to be controlled by automatic or non-automatic cognitiveemotional
processes. Researchers have suggested different methods to improve cravings and self-control that affect the brain in different
manners. One of such approaches is Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation (tDCS). Few studies have presented the effectiveness of tDCS
treatment on self-control and recurrence prevention. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of tDCS treatment on craving
and self-control in individuals with substance dependence.
Methods: This was an applied and quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and a control group design. The statistical population of the
study consisted of all individuals with substance dependence referring to Golestan Hospital in Ahwaz City, Iran, in 2019 (N=342). The study
participants were selected by purposive sampling method. The sample size selection criteria were 0.225, alpha 0.05, and 0.80 in the two groups;
the minimum number of samples to achieve the desired power value; 20 per group, and 40 in total. Thus, 80 subjects with substance abuse; those
who obtained lower scores than average in the Self-Control Scale (SCS; Tangney et al., 2004) and scores above average in the Desires for Drug
Questionnaire (DDQ; Franken et al., 2002) were included in the pretest phase. Individuals aged between 20 and 42 years, with no concomitant
drug use for any other disorder, were selected as the study sample. Subsequently, they were randomly assigned to the experimental and control
groups (n=20/group). The study exclusion criterion included not attending >2 of the therapy sessions. Then, the experimental group received
tDCS; however, the controls received no intervention. After the tDCS sessions, the experimental and control groups completed the posttest phase.
Additionally, tDCS sessions were performed on the control group after the observation of training sessions data and running posttest on both
study groups. The DDQ and SCS were used to collect the required data. The obtained data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of
Covariance (MANCOVA) at a significant level of 0.05 in SPSS.
Results: MANCOVA data suggested that the tDCS and control groups were significantly different in at least one of the explored dependent
variables (p<0.001, F=23.17). The results of MANCOVA revealed that tDCS treatment was effective in improving craving (p=0.002, F=11.67)
and self-control (p=0.004, F=52.13) in the investigated substance dependents. The eta-squares of cravings and self-control were 0.382 and 0.427,
respectively, indicating a relatively high effect of tDCS treatment on cravings and self-control in the studied subjects.
Conclusion: Based on the present study findings, tDCS treatment was effective in improving craving and self-control in substance abusers; thus, this method could be used to improve the health status of substance abusers.
