پديد آورندگان :
سجادي فر، سارا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد رودهن، رودهن، ايران - دانشكدۀ علوم تربيتي و مشاوره - گروه مشاوره , رضاخاني، سيمين دخت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد رودهن، رودهن، ايران - دانشكدۀ علوم تربيتي و مشاوره - گروه مشاوره , بهبودي، معصومه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد رودهن، رودهن، ايران - دانشكدۀ علوم تربيتي و مشاوره - گروه مشاوره
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگار اوليه كه به‌شدت ناكارآمد هستند، ممكن است با تأثيرگذاشتن بر تجربهٔ هيجاني افراد موجب ناتواني در زندگي فردي و اجتماعي شوند و عملكرد خانوادگي‌شان را تحت‌تأثير قرار دهند. هدف پژوهش حاضر تبيين عملكرد خانواده براساس طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگار اوليه با ميانجيگري تنظيم شناختي هيجان در زنان متأهل بود.
روش‌بررسي: روش پژوهش حاضر توصيفي از نوع همبستگي بود. جامعهٔ آماري پژوهش را زنان متأهل مراجعه‌‌كننده به فرهنگ‌سراهاي امام‌خميني و قيطريه در منطقهٔ يك شهر تهران در سال 1398 تشكيل دادند كه به‌روش نمونه‌گيري دردسترس از ميان آن‌ها 350 نفر انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش حاضر شامل فرم كوتاه پرسشنامهٔ طرحوارۀ يانگ (يانگ، 1998)، پرسشنامهٔ تنظيم شناختي هيجان (گارنفسكي و همكاران، 2001) و پرسشنامهٔ سنجش خانوادگي مك‌مستر (اپشتاين و همكاران، 1983) بود. پس از حذف 26 پرسشنامهٔ مخدوش و پرت، براي تحليل داده‌ها از روش مدل‌يابي معادلات ساختاري و نرم‌افزارهاي AMOS نسخۀ 24 و SPSS نسخۀ 24 استفاده شد. داده‌ها در سطح معناداري 0٫05 تحليل شدند.
يافته‌ها: نتايج نشان داد ضريب مسير كل بين طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگار اوليه و عملكرد خانواده منفي و معنادار بود (0٫001>p و 0٫381-=β). همچنين ضريب مسير بين طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگار اوليه و راهبردهاي منفي تنظيم هيجان، مثبت و معنادار بود (0٫001>β=0٫448, p). عملكرد خانواده براساس راهبردهاي مثبت تنظيم هيجان (0٫001>p) و راهبردهاي منفي تنظيم هيجان (0٫011=p) تبيين‌پذير بود. همچنين رابطهٔ بين طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگار اوليه و عملكرد خانواده به‌واسطهٔ راهبردهاي منفي تنظيم هيجان تبيين‌پذير بود (0٫036=p).
نتيجه‌گيري: براساس نتايج، راهبردهاي منفي تنظيم هيجان رابطهٔ بين طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگار اوليه و عملكرد خانواده را در زنان متأهل ميانجيگري مي‌كنند.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objectives: Early maladaptive schemas are highly ineffective and by affecting individuals’ emotional experiences, lead to an inability to individually and socially live and affect their family functioning. Family functioning is the effort and ability of family members to balance the family system. Satisfying the child's emotional and physical needs in the family and through the manifestations of the child's sufficient attachment forms adaptive schemas about self and others. Such a process generates the feeling of being valued, independent, worthy, and loved as well as providing care to the individual and determine how individuals respond to the social fabric. The existence of inconsistent schemas with fundamental emotional themes adversely impacts the process of identifying, understanding, and regulating emotions. The current study aimed to explain family functioning based on early maladaptive schemas by the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in married women.
Methods: The present descriptive and correlational study consisted of 600 married women referring to Imam Khomeini and Qeytariyeh Cultural Centers in Tehran City, Iran, in 2019. Accordingly, by the convenience sampling method, 350 individuals were selected; after dropping 26 distorted questionnaires, the final sample size reached 324. The inclusion criteria of the study included living in Tehran, having at least one year of experience of cohabitation, and over 18 years of age. Exclusion criteria included the presence of a physical disability and chronic illnesses (i.e., asked in the form of yes/no questions via the demographic data questionnaire from each study participant), using certain medications (i.e., asked in the form of yes/no questions via the demographic data questionnaire from each research participant), and hospitalization during the last year due to biopsychological conditions (i.e., asked in the form of yes/no questions via the demographic data questionnaire from each study participant). The tools applied in the present study included the Young Schema Questionnaire–Short Form (Young, 1998), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski et al., 2001), and the McMaster Family Assessment Device (Epstein et al., 1983). The structural equation modeling method was applied in AMOS and SPSS at the significance level of 0.05 to analyze the obtained data.
Results: The present research results indicated that the total path coefficient between the early maladaptive schemas and family functioning was negative and significant (β=–0.381, p<0.001). Additionally, the path coefficient between maladaptive schemas and negative emotion regulation
strategies was positive and significant (β=0.448, p<0.001) and the path coefficient between maladaptive schemas and positive emotion regulation
strategies were not significant (β=–0.027, p=0.685). The path coefficient between the positive strategies of emotion regulation and family
functioning was positive and significant (β=0.445, p<0.001) and the path coefficient between negative emotion regulation strategies and family
functioning were negative and significant (β=–0.163, p=0.011). The indirect path coefficient between the early maladaptive schemas and family
functioning was negative and significant (β=–0.085, p=0.036). Furthermore, the sum of squares of multiple correlations for the family functioning
variable was equal to 0.34. This finding suggests that early maladaptive schemas and negative emotion regulation strategies explain 34% of the
variance in family functioning in the explored married women.
Conclusion: The present study data revealed that negative emotion regulation strategies mediate the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and family functioning in married women. It is suggested that therapists consider the clinical interventions required to modify early maladaptive schemas and emotion regulation among married women to improve their daily, social, and family functioning.
