روش‌شناسي مطالعه و فهم انديشه سياسي امام خميني (ره)

Methodology of Studying and Understanding Imam Khomeini’s Thought

امام خميني (ره) به‌عنوان پايه‌گذار در احيا انديشه مردم‌سالاري ديني معاصر و پرنفوذترين روحاني شيعه سياسي توانست حكومتي مبتني بر نظريه ولايت‌فقيه را كه واجد مفاهيم استوار مذهب شيعه بود، حاكم سازد. انقلاب اسلامي ايران به رهبري وي انقلابي بود كه ابعاد مختلف فكري و عملي آن، مرزهاي جهان انديشه‌ورزي سياسي و ديني را تحت تأثير قرار داد و همواره مورد توجه و امعان نظر بسياري از متفكرين و پژوهشگراني بوده كه درصدد واكاوي انديشه‌ها و موضع‌گيري‌هاي ايشان در مقاطع مختلف و در برابر اتفاقات و حوادث متفاوت بوده‌اند. در اين ميان شناخت سيره و انديشه سياسي شخصيت‌هاي نظير امام كه در حال حاضر در قيد حيات نيستند و به تبع آن تشخيص موضع و نظر احتمالي آنان در مسائل جاري و به قولي حوادث واقعه، نيازمند بازشناسي و تحليل سيستماتيك و روش‌مند نظريات ايشان مي‌باشد. مقاله حاضر برآنست تا با در پيش گرفتن متدي روشمند، ضمن مطالعه شيوه، سيره و انديشه سياسي امام و تبيين نكات برجسته و ويژگي‌هاي منحصربه‌فرد و متمايزكننده آن از ساير بزرگان معاصر شيعه، به تدوين روشي جهت بازخواني نظريات آن حضرت در موضع‌گيري‌هاي سياسي و ازجمله وصيت‌نامه الهي- سياسي ايشان پرداخته و با هدف كشف اعماق نوراني اين سيره غور نمايد.

Imam Khomeini, as a founder and reviver of the contemporary doctrine of religious democracy, and as the most influential Shia cleric, could establish a type of government based on the theory of Islamic jurisprudence that possessed the deep-rooted Shia concepts. The Islamic Revolution under his leadership was a great movement with unique intellectual and practical aspects that trespassed all borders of political and religious thinking. This has been always paid due attention by many thinkers and researchers who were interested in analyzing his thoughts and exploring his stances in various periods vis-à-vis important developments and incidents. In the meantime, understanding the codes of conduct and political thoughts of such personalities as Imam Khomeini who have passed away, and consequently discernment of their probable stances on current developments, require review and systematic and methodical analysis of their opinions. This paper is an attempt to adopt a methodical approach to study Imam Khomeini’s manners, code of conduct and political thought, explaining the outstanding points and unique qualities that distinguish him from other great contemporary Shia scholars, to codify a method for reviewing his opinions and his political stances, including his last will. This is to open a way to conduct an in-depth study of his illuminated code of conduct and his thoughts.