كاركرد نظريه عقلانيت سياسي در انقلاب اسلامي ايران: مبتني بر انديشه و عمل حكومتي امام خميني (ره)

Applicability of the Theory of Political Rationality to Islamic Revolution of Iran based on Imam Khomeini’s Governmental Thought and Practice

نسبت بين عقلانيت سياسي و پديده‌هايي چون خيزش‌ها و مقاومت‌هاي مردمي و انقلاب‌ها ازجمله پرسش‌هاي پايدار در انديشه و فلسفه سياسي به‌ويژه در عصرجديد به‌شمار مي‌آيد. بدون شك عمل سياسي مبتني بر عقلانيت همواره به‌عنوان يكي از مقومات جامعه، در حيات گذشته و امروز بشر مورد توجه متفكران سياسي قرار داشته و دارد. اما در قرون اخير، وقوع انقلاب‌ها و خيزش‌هاي مردمي در كشورهاي مختلف، معناي جديدي از انقلاب را كه مساوي با نوعي تندروي و راديكاليسم و نيز مغاير با عقلانيت، در ذهن‌ها متبادر ساخته‌ است، به‌گونه‌اي كه امروزه اين‌طور تصور مي‌شود كه عقلانيت سياسي با مقوله انقلاب و عمل انقلابي قابل‌جمع نيست. حال‌آنكه به‌نظر مي‌رسد انقلابي بودن و انقلابي عمل كردن خود في‌نفسه مي‌تواند كاملاً توضيح عقلاني داشته باشد. مقاله حاضر سعي دارد كاركرد نظريه عقلانيت سياسي را در انديشه و عمل حكومتي امام خميني(ره)، در سه دوره استقرار، تثبيت و تعميق جمهوري اسلامي نشان دهد. ازاين‌رو پژوهش حاضر ضمن تمركز بر اين پرسش كه مؤلفه‌هاي اساسي عقلانيت سياسي انديشه و عمل امام خميني (ره) چيست؟ مي‌كوشد داده‌هاي لازم را از طريق مطالعه كتابخانه‌اي و اسنادي استخراج و به روش توصيفي- تحليلي آن‌ها را مورد واكاوي و تجزيه‌وتحليل قرار خواهد.

The relation between political rationality and such phenomena as uprisings, public resistance, and revolutions is among the lasting questions in political thought and philosophy, particularly during the current period. Undoubtedly the political act based on rationality – as one of the necessities of the society – has been and still is a focus of attention by the political thinkers in the past and at present. However, during the recent centuries, the outbreak of revolutions and public uprisings in various countries have created a new meaning of revolution that associates a sort of extremism and radicalism, things that go counter to rationality. Today, it is supposed that political rationality cannot be juxtaposed with revolution and revolutionary act. However, it seems that being and acting as revolutionary can per se have a completely rational explanation. This paper is an attempt to study the applicability of the theory of political rationality to Imam Khomeini’s governmental thought and practice during the three stages of establishment, stabilization and deep consolidation of the Islamic Revolution. To that end, the paper is an attempt to find an appropriate response to this question: What are the essential components of political rationality in Imam Khomeini’s thoughts and act? The paper tries to gather data from library sources and documents and analyze them based on a descriptive-analytical method.