كليدواژه :
مديريت خشم , بزهكاري , آسيب هاي اجتماعي , دختران نوجوان
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: نوجواني دوران تغييرات جسمي، روان‌شناختي و تغييراتي در تعاملات اجتماعي و روابط بين‌فردي است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسي اثربخشي آموزش مديريت خشم بر كاهش بزهكاري و آسيب‌هاي اجتماعي بين دختران نوجوان ساكن مراكز نگهداري تحت پوشش بهزيستي بود.
روش بررسي: اين پژوهش به‌شيوهٔ نيمه‌آزمايشي و با طرح پيش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه گواه انجام شد. جامعهٔ آماري شامل تمامي دختران نوجوان ساكن مراكز نگهداري تحت پوشش سازمان بهزيستي استان زنجان در سال 1398، به تعداد 319 نفر بود. از بين آن‌ها سي نفر داوطلب واجد شرايط به‌روش نمونه‌گيري هدف‌مند انتخاب شدند و به‌صورت تصادفي در گروه آزمايش و گروه گواه (هر گروه پانزده نفر) قرار گرفتند. آزمودني‌هاي دو گروه، پرسشنامه‌‌هاي بزهكاري نوجوانان (فضلي، 1389) و رفتارهاي خطرپذيري جوانان (زاده‌محمدي و همكاران، 1390) را در مراحل پيش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون تكميل كردند. براي گروه آزمايش به‌مدت هشت جلسه آموزش برنامهٔ مديريت خشم نواكا و اسپيواك (1975) انجام شد؛ درحالي‌كه در طول اين مدت گروه گواه هيچ‌گونه مداخله‌اي دريافت نكرد. تجزيه‌وتحليل داده‌ها با استفاده از تحليل كوواريانس و به‌وسيلهٔ نرم‌افزارSPSS نسخۀ 24 صورت گرفت. سطح معناداري براي همهٔ آزمون‌ها 0٫05 لحاظ شد.
يافته‌ها: نتايج نشان داد، آموزش مديريت خشم در كاهش بزهكاري و كاهش آسيب‌هاي اجتماعي دختران نوجوان ساكن مراكز نگهداري تحت پوشش بهزيستي مؤثر است (0٫001>p).
نتيجه‌گيري: باتوجه به يافته‌هاي پژوهش مي‌توان نتيجه گرفت كه براي كاهش بزهكاري و آسيب‌هاي اجتماعي دختران نوجوان ساكن مراكز نگهداري تحت پوشش بهزيستي مي‌توان از مداخلهٔ آموزشي مديريت خشم استفاده كرد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objectives: Adolescence is a time of biopsychological change as well as alternations in social interactions and interpersonal relationships; thus, the tendency to antisocial behaviors is more prevalent in this age frame. A prominent feature of this period is the tendency to social harm. Another problem that occurs during adolescence is delinquency. Anger management training can be used to correct such behaviors.
The harmful effects of anger are presented on the mind and social life of individuals. Inability to control anger can lead to consequences, like
aggression. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of anger management training on delinquency and social harms among adolescent
girls living in welfare centers.
Methods: This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest and a control group design. The statistical population of the study included
all adolescent girls living in the care centers under the auspices of the Zanjan Welfare Organization in 2019 (N=319). Among whom, 30 qualified
volunteers were selected by purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into 2 groups of experimental and control (n=15/group).
The inclusion criteria of the present study included being adolescent girls living in the care centers under the auspices of the Welfare Organization
of Zanjan Province, Iran, in 2019, being interested in cooperating with the research, and having no physical or mental illnesses (based on the
information in their welfare record). The exclusion criteria also included the lack of interest in cooperating with the research and absence from
more than one training session. The subjects of both research groups completed the Adolescent's Delinquency Questionnaire (Fazli, 2010) and
the Risk Behaviors Questionnaire (Zadeh Mohammadi et al, 2011) in the pretest and posttest stages. The experimental group underwent 8
sessions of anger management program training (Novaka & Spivak, 1975); however, the control group received no intervention during this
period. Furthermore, to analyze the obtained data, descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation as well as inferential statistics,
like Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) were used. All statistical calculations were performed using SPSS at the significance level of 0.05.
Results: The current study findings indicated that by controlling the effect of the pretest, there was a significant difference between the mean
scores of social harms (p˂0.001) and delinquency (p˂0.001) in the posttest values of the experimental group. Additionally, the relevant results
suggested that the magnitude of the effects of social harms and delinquency were 0.706 and 0.516, respectively.
Conclusion: In general, the collected results revealed that anger management training reduced social harms and delinquency in the explored
adolescent girls living in the care centers under the auspices of the Welfare Organization. Therefore, anger management training is recommended to be used in this population.
