پديد آورندگان :
پاكدل، هادي دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد بين الملل كيش، جزيرهٔ كيش، ايران - گروه روان شناسي , سهرابي، فرامرز دانشگاه علامه طباطبائي، تهران، ايران - دانشكدهٔ روان شناسي و علوم تربيتي - گروه روان شناسي باليني , حاجي عليزاده، كبري دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد بندرعباس، بندرعباس، ايران - گروه روان شناسي
كليدواژه :
استرس شغلي , كيفيت زندگي , فرسودگي شغلي , كاركنان كنترل ترافيك هوايي
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: فرسودگي شغلي ناشي از استرس و كيفيت زندگي ضعيف سبب تحليل‌رفتن قواي جسمي و رواني فرد مي‌شود. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسي رابطهٔ استرس شغلي و كيفيت زندگي با فرسودگي شغلي در كاركنان كنترل ترافيك هوايي بود.
روش بررسي: پژوهش حاضر از نوع مطالعات توصيفي-تحليلي و همبستگي بود. جامعهٔ آماري پژوهش را 260 نفر از كاركنان كنترل ترافيك هوايي در سال 1398 در تهران تشكيل دادند. براي گرد‌آوري داده‌ها از پرسشنامۀ استرس شغلي (اسيپو و اسپوكان، 1998)، فرم كوتاه مقياس كيفيت زندگي (سازمان جهاني بهداشت، 1996) و پرسشنامهٔ فرسودگي شغلي (ساعتچي و هومن، 1387) استفاده شد. تحليل داده‌ها به‌روش ضريب همبستگي پيرسون و تحليل رگرسيون در سطح معناداري 0٫05 به كمك نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخۀ 20 انجام شد.
يافته‌ها: نتايج نشان داد كه بين كيفيت زندگي و فرسودگي شغلي (0٫001>p و 0٫28-=r) و استرس شغلي با فرسودگي شغلي (0٫001>p و 0٫24=r) همبستگي معناداري وجود دارد. همچنين نتايج تحليل رگرسيون نشان داد كه متغيرهاي كيفيت زندگي (0٫001>p و 0٫24-=Beta) و استرس شغلي (0٫001>p و 0٫31-=Beta) توان پيش‌بيني فرسودگي شغلي را در كاركنان كنترل ترافيك هوايي دارند.
نتيجه‌گيري: باتوجه به نتايج پژوهش حاضر، با متغير فرسودگي شغلي مي‌توان كيفيت زندگي و استرس شغلي را پيش‌بيني كرد. همچنين كاركنان داراي استرس شغلي زياد و كيفيت زندگي ضعيف، فرسودگي شغلي بيشتري دارند.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objectives: The work environment is associated with numerous potential biopsychosocial harms which can cause stress as a psychological reaction. The common denominator of such jobs is that the nature of the work can be considered highly emotional. Due to their
sensitive professional nature, air traffic control personnel are constantly exposed to stress and tension; thus, stress is a well–known component of air traffic control and a challenge for this profession. Job burnout is among the most essential issues at the managerial and human resource
levels of organizations. Burnout results from chronic job stress in the workplace, i.e., addressed and treated improperly. This condition is
characterized by fatigue, depersonalization, and reduced satisfaction with the quality of work. Job burnout decreases physical and mental strength
as well as the quality of life. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between quality of life, job stress, and job burnout in air
traffic control staff.
Methods: This was a descriptive–analytical and correlational study. The statistical population of the study included 260 air traffic control
employees in Tehran City, Iran, in 2019. After obtaining the necessary permissions and coordination, the Occupational Burnout Questionnaire
(Saatchi & Hooman, 2008) was distributed among 260 study subjects. The study participants were given the necessary instructions on completing
the questionnaires. Besides, the investigated staff individually completed the questionnaires to respect their privacy. In total, 123 study
participants returned the completed questionnaires. Moreover, 30 subjects whose burnout scores were higher than the cut–off point of 182 were
selected for the study. For data collection, the Occupational Burnout Questionnaire (Saatchi and Hooman, 2008), the Occupational Stress
Inventory (Osipow & Spokane, 1998), and the Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL–BREF; World Health Organization, 1996) were used.
To analyze the collected data, descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, & standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation
coefficient & regression analysis) were applied at a significance level of 0.05 in SPSS.
Results: The obtained Pearson correlation coefficient data suggested a significant relationship between quality of life and job burnout (r=–0.28,
p<0.001) as well as job stress and job burnout (r=0.24, p<0.001). The results of regression analysis indicated that quality of life (Beta=–0.24,
p<0.001) and job stress (Beta=–0.31, p<0.001,) could predict burnout in the explored air traffic control staff.
Conclusion: Based on the present study results, job burnout can predict the quality of life and job stress. Implementing interventions to reduce
occupational stress and improving some resources can be helpful to reduce job burnout. Accordingly, we could improve the health status of air traffic control employees by overcoming job burnout.
