كليدواژه :
كنايه , شعر , سبك هندي , مقايسه
چكيده فارسي :
ﮐﻨﺎﯾﻪ آن ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪي زﺑﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ از ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن در ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺧﻮد، ﺗﻨﻮع و دﮔﺮﮔﻮﻧﯽﻫﺎﯾﯽ را ﭘﺸﺖ ﺳﺮ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ و در ﺳﺒﮏ ﻫﻨﺪي ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ آن ﮐﻨﺎﯾﺎت ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ، ﮐﻨﺎﯾﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ و ﻣﺘﻨﻮع ﺗﺮي آﻓﺮﯾﺪه ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﯽﮐﻮﺷﺪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻨﺎد ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، ﺑﺎ ﻣﻼكﻫﺎي ﻋﻠﻤﯽ، ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﻨﺎﯾﺎت ﺳﺒﮏ ﻫﻨﺪي، آن ﻫﺎ را ﺑﺎ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻨﺪ. روش در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﻨﺎدي اﺳﺖ. اﺑﺘﺪا ﺗﻤﺎم ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﮐﻨﺎﯾﺎت اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ، ﺳﭙﺲ ﻓﯿﺶ ﺑﺮداري و ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. اﺑﺘﺪا ﭘﺲ از ﻃﺮح و ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع و ذﮐﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﮐﻨﺎﯾﻪ ﻣﯽﭘﺮدازد و آن را، از ﺣﯿﺚ ﺟﺎﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ، ﻫﻢ ﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ، ﮐﻤﯿﺖ و ﮔﺸﺘﺎر)ژرف ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و رو ﺳﺎﺧﺖ(، ﻣﻌﯿﻦ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. آن ﭼﻪ را ﮐﻪ ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪه از ﮐﻨﺎﯾﻪ ﻓﻬﻤﯿﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺧﺎﺻﯽ اراﺋﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﺑﻪ ذﮐﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ و ﻣﺼﺎدﯾﻖ ﮐﻨﺎﯾﻪ ﻣﯽ ﭘﺮدازد. ﮐﻨﺎﯾﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﻮ و ﺗﮑﺮاري را از ﻫﻢ ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﮐﻨﺎﯾﺎت را در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ اﺷﮑﺎل و ﻧﻤﻮدارﻫﺎ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ و در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪي ﮐﻨﺎﯾﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﮑﺮاري و ﻏﯿﺮ ﺗﮑﺮاري ﯾﺎ ﻧﻮ و ﺳﻨﺘﯽ در 40 ﻏﺰل از دﯾﻮان ﺑﯿﺪل ﻣﯽ ﭘﺮدازد و درﺻﺪ آن ﮐﻨﺎﯾﺎت را ﺑﺎ ﻋﺪد و رﻗﻢ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ اﻫﺪاف و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ دﺳﺖ ﭘﯿﺪا ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﭼﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎﯾﯽ در اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪه و ﺷﺒﮑﻪي ﺗﺪاﻋﯽ و ﺗﺨﯿﻞ ﺷﻌﺮا ﭼﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ داﺷﺘﻪاﺳﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
Irony is a category of language that has undergone diversity and changes in the context of its movement from the past to the
present, and in addition to those ironies of the past, new and more diverse ironies have been created in the Indian style. This
article tries to review and analyze the allusions of Indian style with the previous styles, citing the available sources, with
scientific criteria, while examining them. The method in this research is documentary analytical. First, all the cultures that
were presented in the field of allusions were studied, then the fish were taken and classified. First, after discussing the
subject and mentioning the background of the research, he defines the irony and determines it in terms of substitution,
coexistence, quantity and rotation (deep construction and construction). What the author understands from the irony presents
with a certain classification. Mention examples and examples of irony. Distinguishes between new and repetitive ironies.
Analyzes and categorizes the allusions in the form of shapes and diagrams, and at the end compares the repetitive and nonrepetitive
or new and traditional allusions in 40 sonnets of Biddle's Divan, and shows the percentage of the allusions with
numbers and figures. By examining them, he achieves these goals and results, what are the differences in this matter from
the past until now, and what are the differences between the network of association and imagination of poets.
