خوانش تطبيقي مضامين زنانه در شعر نبيله الخطيب و فروغ فرخزاد

Comparative reading of feminine themes in the poetry of Nabileh Al-Khatib and Forough Farrokhzad

ادبيات زنانه، علي رغم قدمت ادبيات عربي و فارسي، به دليل موانع اجتماعي و فرهنگي به عنوان بستري براي نمود تفكرات زنانه و بيان مشكلات آن؛ از تبلور چنداني در سرزمين‌هاي عربي و ايران برخوردار نبوده است. پس از تحولات اجتماعي و سياسي در كشورهاي عربي و انقلاب مشروطيت در ايران شعر زنان به تبلور قابل توجهي دست يافت و به نحوي معرف انديشه زنان شاعر و جهان بيني آنان گشت. اين پژوهش كوشيده است مضامين شعري دو شاعر فارسي و عربي، فروغ فرخزاد و نبيله الخطيب شاعر اردني را از لحاظ محتواي شعري و نمود انديشه‌هاي زنانه تحليل و بررسي كند. شعر اين دو شاعر دربردارنده مسائل زنان مي‌باشد. در نگاهي اجمالي به آثار اين دو شاعر نمود انديشه‌هاي زنانه در رد كردن محدوديّت‌ها و سنّت‌هاي دست و پا گير شخصي و اجتماعي زندگي زنان به ويژه در شرق مربوط مي‌شود و همچنين مسائلي چون عشق، حس مادرانه و غيره را نيز شامل مي‌شود.

Feminine literature, despite the history of Arabic and Persian literature, due to social and cultural barriers as a context for expressing feminine thoughts and expressing its problems has not had much crystallization in the Arab lands and Iran. After the social and political developments in the Arab countries and the Constitutional Revolution in Iran, feminine poetry achieved a significant crystallization and somehow introduced the idea of ​​women poets and their worldview. This research has tried to analyze the poetic themes of two Persian and Arabic poets, Forough Farrokhzad and Nabila Al-Khatib, a Jordanian poet in terms of poetic content and expression of women's ideas. The poems of these two poets contain women's issues. At a glance, the works of these two poets show that women's ideas are related to rejecting the constraints and cumbersome personal and social traditions of women's lives, especially in the East, and also include issues such as love, motherhood, and so on. Both poets have tried to rely on poetry, the expressive larynx to mature the presence of women and her social and cultural identity, given that poetry both because of feminine indicators in a positive way of their social and cultural identity as women and it represents its unique literary style.