ارزيابي اثر اسانس اسطوخودوس (Lavandula officinalis) بر شاخص‌هاي بيوشيمي سرم خون و ايمني موكوسي ماهي قزل‌آلاي رنگين‌كمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Evaluating effect of Lavender (Lavandula officinalis) essence on biochemistry of blood serum and mucosal immunity indices of Oncorhynchus mykiss

ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ اﺳﻄﻮﺧﻮدوس در ﺟﯿﺮه ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻮﺷﯿﻤﯽ ﺳﺮم ﺧﻮن و اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﻣﻮﮐﻮﺳﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺰلآﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ وزﻧﯽ 2 ±10 ﮔﺮم، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﯿﻤﺎر در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار ﺑﻪ اﺟﺮا درآﻣﺪ. ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺑﻪ روش ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي 0/5 ، 1 و 2 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻟﯿﺘﺮ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ اﺳﻄﻮﺧﻮدوس ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻏﺬا ﺑﻪﻣﺪت 60 روز ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺪون اﻓﺰودن اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺟﯿﺮه ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﻫﺮ دو آﻧﺰﯾﻢ آﺳﭙﺎرﺗﺎتآﻣﯿﻨﻮﺗﺮاﻧﺴﻔﺮاز و آﻻﻧﯿﻦآﻣﯿﻨﻮﺗﺮاﻧﺴﻔﺮاز، ﺗﺮيﮔﻠﯿﺴﺮﯾﺪ، ﮐﻠﺴﺘﺮول و ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ ﺳﺮمﺧﻮن ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ اﺳﻄﻮﺧﻮدوس ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻨﺪ )0/05P(. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﮐﻮس در ﺑﭽﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﯿﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﯿﺰان ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦﮐﻞ، آﻟﮑﺎﻟﯿﻦﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﺎز و ﻟﯿﺰوزﯾﻢ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ )0/05P(. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﺠﻮﯾﺰ ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ اﺳﻄﻮﺧﻮدوس ﺑﻪوﯾﮋه 2 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻟﯿﺘﺮ در ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم از ﺟﯿﺮه ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻮﺷﯿﻤﯽ ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﺧﻮن و اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﻣﻮﮐﻮﺳﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺰلآﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن دارد. ﻟﺬا اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آن ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ در ﺟﯿﺮه ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد

In order to determine effect of various concentrations of Lavandula officinalis essence in ration on biochemistry of blood serum and mucosal immunity indices of Oncorhynchus mykiss with average weight of 10±2 g, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with four treatments in three replicates. The fishes were fed orally with concentrations of 0.5, 1 and 2 ml of L. officinalis essence per kg of food for 60 consecutive days. Treatment of without adding essence to diet also was considered as a control. According to the results, the amount of both enzymes of aspirate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, triglyceride, cholesterol and glucose of serum blood of fishes fed with various concentrations of essence were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The least of these features was belong to concentration of 2 ml of essence in basic ration. But values of total protein and albumin of fishes under various concentrations had decreasing trend compared to the control (P<0.05). The maximum amount of these compositions were related to concentration of 2 ml L. officinalis essence. But lactat dehydrogenase enzyme was not affected by any of the essence concentrations. The results of mucus characteristics in fishes also showed that there were significant differences among concentrations in term of values of total protein, alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme (P<0.05). The most total protein and alkaline phosphatase were recorded in fishes fed with concentration of 2 ml essence about 374 mg/dl and 144 U/L respectively. Also the range of lysozyme enzyme changes was between 27 and 44 U/L. The lowest and the highest of this characteristic was related to control and 0.5 ml. Whereas, the difference of it with 1 ml concentration was not significant (P<0.05). Overall, the results showed that oral administration of different concentrations of Lavandula officinalis essence especially 2 ml per kg of diet had positive and significant effect on biochemistry of blood serum and mucosal immunity indices of Oncorhynchus mykiss. Therefore, use it as a dietary supplement in the basal diet is suggested.