بهينه سازي فرايند استخراج عصاره هاي آبي و الكلي (اتانول) گياه آجار به روش سطح پاسخ و بررسي اثر آنتي اكسيداني آن بر پايداري روغن سويا طي مدت زمان ماندگاري

Optimization of the Extraction Process of Aqueous and Alcoholic (Ethanol) Extracts of Allium Ampelloprasuml Plant by Response Surface Methodology and Its Antioxidant Effect on Soybean Oil Stability over Shelf Life

ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داراي ﮔﺴﺘﺮه اي از ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﻓﻨﻮﻟﯽ، از ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮلﻫﺎي ﺳﺎده ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ اﺳﯿﺪﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﻮﻟﯽ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮلﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ درﺟﻪ ﭘﻠﯽﻣﺮﯾﺰاﺳﯿﻮن ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮي ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﺎﻧﻦﻫﺎ، ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻓﻨﻮلﻫﺎ و ﭘﻠﯽﻓﻨﻮلﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫ ﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﻧﺴﺎن اﺛﺮ ﻣﯽﮔﺬارﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮔﯿﺎه آﺟﺎر )Allium ampelloprasum( از ﺳﺒﺰوار ﺗﻬﯿﻪ و ﻫﻤﻮژن ﺷﺪ. ﻋﺼﺎرهﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﺎ روش اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج اوﻟﺘﺮاﺳﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺣﻼل اﺗﺎﻧﻮل و آب اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان آﻧﺘﯽ اﮐﺴﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﻋﺼﺎره ﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ روش )DPPH( ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻓﻨﺎوري اوﻟﺘﺮاﺳﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ دو ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ )800-200 ppm(، زﻣﺎن ) 10-30دﻗﯿﻘﻪ( ﺗﻮﺳﻂ روش ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪﺳﺎزي، ﻧﺸﺎن داد؛ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج اﻟﮑﻠﯽ زﻣﺎن 17/81دﻗﯿﻘﻪ و ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 800ppm ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺮ اي اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج آﺑﯽ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 800 ppm و زﻣﺎن 13/52د ﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﻣﯿﺰان اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج آﻧﺘﯽاﮐﺴﯿﺪاﻧﯽ در اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج آﺑﯽ و اﻟﮑﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 33/499-33/893درﺻﺪ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري اﮐﺴﺎﯾﺸﯽ روﻏﻦ ﻧﺸﺎن داد اﻧﺪﯾﺲ ﭘﺮاﮐﺴﯿﺪ و ﺗﯿﻮﺑﺎرﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ در اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج آﺑﯽ و اﻟﮑﻠﯽ 1/938-3/158 و0/337 -0/173 ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.

Plants contain phenolic compounds ranging from simple molecules such as phenolic acids to highly polymerized molecules such as tannins Phenols and polyphenols in plant tissues have gained increasing scientific interest because of their potential beneficial effects on human health..In this study, Allium ampelloprasum L plant was prepared and homogenized from Sabzevar. The extraction was performed by the ultrasound extraction method using ethanol and water solvent. The amount of and antioxidant compounds of extracts was investigated by and DPPH methods, respectively. The results of the optimization process have shown that the optimum conditions of alcoholic extraction were determined as 17.81 minutes with the concentration of 800. Also, the optimum conditions for the aqueous extraction were determined as the concentration of 800 ppm and the time of 13.52 minutes. According to the optimization results, the extraction amount of antioxidant compounds in aqueous and alcoholic extractions were reported as 33.893-33.499, respectively. The results of the oxidative stability of oil have shown that the peroxide and thiobarbituric acid index in water and alcoholic extraction were 1.938-3.158 and 0.173-0.337, respectively.