تبيين مباني تربيت سياسي و اجتماعي انديشه هاي جان ديويي و مطهري در تربيت شهروندي

Explaining the Foundations of Political and Social Education in John Dewey and Motahhari Thoughts for Developing Citizenship Education Patterns

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺖ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﺎن دﯾـﻮﯾﯽ و ﻣﻄﻬـﺮي در ﺗﺮﺑﯿـﺖ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي اﺳﺖ. روش ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﯽ و ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻮده اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠـﻪ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻪ ﺟﺎن دﯾﻮﯾﯽ و ﻣﻄﻬﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﻌﺪ دﯾﺪﮔﺎه آﻧﺎن ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺖ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي آن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺖ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي رﮐﻨـﯽ ﻣﻬـﻢ در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ و در ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﻠﯽ و ﻓﺮاﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت ﺑﺸﺮي ﺧﺎرج از ﻣﺮزﻫﺎي ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐـﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺧﻮد ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨﺪي ﺑﻪ ﺣﻘﻮق ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي، ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ دﯾﮕﺮان ﻣـﯽﺑﺎﺷـﺪ. آﻧـﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﯿـﺖ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﻓﺮاد را ﻓﺮﺻﺘﯽ ﻣﻤﺘﺎز در ﭘﯿﺪاﯾﯽ و ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺖ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي و ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺎن ﺳﺎزي ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻓﺮدي در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ داﻧﺴﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﻣﺴﯿﺮ رﺷﺪ و ﺗﻌﺎﻟﯽ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي ﻗﺮار ﺑﮕﯿﺮد. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻧﻈـﺎم آﻣﻮزﺷـﯽ ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺤﻮر ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي، ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰيﻫﺎي دﻗﯿﻖ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻓﺮﺻـﺖ رﺷـﺪ ﺷـﻬﺮوﻧﺪي داﻧـﺶ آﻣﻮزان را و ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﺎت ارزﻧﺪه اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻤﻨﺪاﻧﯽ ﭼﻮن دﯾﻮﯾﯽ و ﻣﻄﻬﺮي ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ آورد.

the aim of this study is to explain the principles of political and social education of the thoughts of Dewye and Motahhari in the education of citizenship. the method used in this research has been deductive and descriptive - analytic which has been described in the first stage of the concept of Dewye and Motahhari, and then their view of the education of citizenship and its elements has been explained and explained. therefore, the results indicate that the process of citizenship is an important process in society and in all national and national levels, considering the development of human interactions outside the geographical frontier, which requires adherence to citizenship rights, rule of law and commitment to others. They consider the political and social training of individuals as a privileged opportunity in the development and strengthening of civil education and detection of individual identity in society, which can be on the path of growth and transcendence of citizenship. therefore, the educational system of the community as the learning axis of individuals, with design and precise training planning, can provide opportunity for students to grow their citizenship as human capital and to favor the valuable ideas of thinkers such as Dewye and Motahhari. Educational and field personnel in this field are very important from the board of trustees, as well as the proper measures of scientific and field work.