كليدواژه :
كاخ موزه گلستان , مضامين ادبيات غنايي , كاشي نگاري هفت رنگ زيرلعابي , تزئينات معماري , قاجار
چكيده فارسي :
از نمودهاي هنر دوره قاجار، نوعي نقاشي زيرلعابي بر روي كاشي است، كه با زمينه ي لاجوردي و حاشيه اي از طرح هاي اسليمي به همراه قاب بندي هاي برجسته و به كارگيري مضامين ادبيات غنايي براي تزيين فضاهاي بناها به كار گرفته شد. كاخ موزه گلستان به عنوان مهم ترين بناي قاجاري و اولين اثر ثبت جهاني در تهران است، كه گنجينه و مرجع بااصالتي از انواع نقوش كاشي نگاري قاجاري به شمار مي آيد. اين كاشي ها از نوع نقش برجسته هفت رنگ زيرلعابي است، كه از مضامين متنوع ادبيات غنايي بهره گرفته است. هدف از انجام اين پژوهش، شناخت و شناسايي منابع الهام كاشي نگاران، طبقه بندي موضوعي و تحليل جنبه هاي زيباشناختي و بصري مضامين ادبي بكار رفته اين كاشي نگاره ها مي باشد. پژوهش حاضر بر اساس روش توصيفي- تحليلي انجام شده و مطالب آن از ميان منابع معتبر موجود استخراج گرديده است. يافته ها و شرح تصاوير به طريق ميداني و مشاهده ي مستقيم كاشي نگاره ها پس از شناسايي، مطالعه و تحليل شده است. بررسي ها نشان مي دهد كه مضامين و نقش مايه هاي بكار رفته بر كاشي نگاره هاي هفت رنگ زيرلعابي اين موزه بيشتر شامل مضامين ادبي برگرفته از ديوان جامي، ديوان خمسه نظامي و ديوان منطق الطير عطار مي باشد و از اين ميان، مضامين داستان هاي خمسه نظامي بيشتر مورد توجه كاشي نگاران بوده است.
چكيده لاتين :
The Qajar art of the Qajar art is a kind of sculpture with a lazium field and a margin of Slavic designs on a tile with outstanding frames, which came up with stories from the themes of ghanaee literature to decorate the spaces of buildings. The Golestan Museum is considered to be the most important Qajar building and the first global registration in Tehran, with treasures and valuable references from various types of Qajar tile designs, embroidered in seven different colors of embroidery in a diverse range of themes in the literature of Ghana. The purpose of this research is to identify sources of inspiration from tilers or painters on the tile of this museum in the production of illustrated tiles. In this paper, we try to study the pictures of the seven-colored tiles of the underwater mosaic with the themes of the riches of literature such as Divan Jami (Yousef and Zulikha), Khamseh nezami (Shirin and Farhad, Shirin and Khosrow, Bahram Gur and Kenizak (Azadeh and fetneh) divan manteghter attar(Sheikh Sana'an and Tarsa). The results of this research show that Ghana's literature has always influenced Persian art and has been able to create appropriate areas for designing and decorating architectural decoration, especially in tiling. The ancient Persian literature is full of love, epic and mystic stories. Illustration of such scenes has always been the subject of many artworks throughout the ages.The main features of arts in the Qajar period, its affiliation with literature, in particular the literature of Ghanaee, is not a tile as one of the artistic representatives of the history holder in Iran, except for this rule. The designs of the themes of the encyclopaedia on the tiles of the paintings The seven-colored Golestan Museum is influenced by the following factors:- Follow the traditions of the past-Arestrianism, which is one of the components of this literary movement, has had a greater impact on the role of tile work of the Qajar period.Most of the themes used in tile images related to images taken from military khumsah.The familiarity of tiled artists, with expressive and symbolic delicacies of poetry, has had a direct impact on their performance, so that the more tattooed, more familiar with the richness of literature, could better capture poetic concepts and images in their works. . Literature in general can be beneficial to the painter, both in terms of education and inspirational resources, provided that the painter can identify the rules governing the structure of the literary work and, in a manner in which the author or poet is drawn, through his message Plan, find out. Most of the tiles of the seven-story drawings of the Golestan Museum under the guise of rich literature, with a narrow margin around the elliptical frames, including white-satin white-satin motifs that sit on a brownish background and a leaf with the same color combination of the ellipsoidal shape of the four The side of the frame is designed to create motion and lack of uniformity.
