بررسي پارامترهاي موثر بر زبري و استوانه‌اي بودن سوراخ در قطعات PLA ساخته ‌شده چاپ سه‌بعدي با فرآيند مدل‌سازي رسوب ذوبي به كمك روش رويه پاسخ (RSM)

Investigation of Parameters Affecting the Roughness and Cylindricality of Holes in PLA Parts Made of 3D Printing by Fused Deposition Modeling Process Using Response Surface Method

در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ورودي روي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺳﻄﺢ و اﺳﺘﻮاﻧﻪ اي ﺑﻮدن ﺳﻮراخ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪل ﺳﺎزي رﺳﻮب ذوﺑﯽ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺳﻄﺢ و دﻗﺖ اﺑﻌﺎدي ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﭼﺎپ ﺷﺪه ﭘﺲ از ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﭼﺎپ ﺳﻪﺑﻌﺪي، ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺑﺎ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ اﺳﺖ. از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻮارد ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﭼﺎپ ﺳﻪﺑﻌﺪي، ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ 3 ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﭼﺎپ، درﺻﺪ ﺗﻮﭘﺮي و ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻻﯾﻪ اﺷﺎره ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ روش ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه و 51 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ از ﺟﻨﺲ ﭘﯽ ال اي ﭼﺎپ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ﺳﻄﺢ و اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه از دﺳﺘﮕﺎه زﺑﺮيﺳﻨﺞ و ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎت اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﺳﺎس اﯾﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ، ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ﺳﻄﺢ و اﻧﺤﺮاف از ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺳﻮراخ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺟﻬﺖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ در ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﻤﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن زﺑﺮي ﺳﻄﺢ )0/016 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ( و ﻧﺎﺳﺘﻮاﻧﻪاي ﺑﻮدن ﺳﻮراخ )5/98 ﻣﯿﮑﺮون( ﺑﺮاي ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻻﯾﻪ 0/1 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ 40 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﯿﻪ و درﺻﺪ ﺗﻮﭘﺮي 15 درﺻﺪ در اﻟﮕﻮي ﻣﺜﻠﺜﯽ اﺳﺖ؛ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻻﯾﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ را ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ و درﺻﺪ ﺗﻮﭘﺮي در ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺳﻄﺢ داراﺳﺖ.

In this paper, the effects of input parameters on the roughness and cylindricality of a hole were investigated using fused deposition modeling (FDM). The roughness and dimensional accuracy are very important for a 3D printed part. The investigated input parameters are injection speed, solid percentage, and layer thickness. The experiments were designed using the response surface method and 51 PLA samples were printed. To measure the roughness and dimensions of the manufactured products, a roughness-testing machine and a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) were used. The basis of this study is the comparison of roughness and deviation from the center to find the optimal set of the investigated parameters to achieve higher quality. The optimal levels of parameters for the minimum simultaneous roughness (0.016 mm) and cylindricality (5.98 microns) are a layer thickness of 0.1 mm, injection speed of 40 mm/s, and solidity percentage of 15% when the pattern is triangular. The results also suggest that the layer thickness has the strongest effect on the surface quality in comparison with the injection speed and percentage of solidity.