چكيده فارسي :
ﻫﺪف: ﻫﺪف از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ اﺧﻼق ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد.
روشﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﺤﻮه ﮔﺮدآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت، ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ و از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ، ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ورزﺷﯽ رﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎل و ﻓﻮﺗﺴﺎل اﺳﺘﺎن ﭼﻬﺎرﻣﺤﺎل و ﺑﺨﺘﯿﺎري ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ داراي ﮔﻮاﻫﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﯿﮕﺮي و در ﺳﺎل 1397 در ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﺘﺎن در ﺣﺎل ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ )ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎٌ 118 ﻧﻔﺮ(. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﮐﻞ ﺷﻤﺎر و ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع 111 ﻣﺮﺑﯽ )94 درﺻﺪ از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﺎري( ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ را ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﻧﻤﻮدﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ورزﺷﯽ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮي و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران )2018(، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺧﻼق ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﻋﯿﺪي و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران )2016( و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﻣﺮﺑﯿﮕﺮي ﻣﺎﯾﺮز و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران )2008( ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ روش ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺎت ﺟﺰﺋﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺪلﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي )آﻟﻔﺎ ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ، ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ، رواﯾﯽ ﻫﻤﮕﺮا و واﮔﺮا( و ﺑﺮازش ﻣﺪل ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري )ﺿﺮاﯾﺐ ﺑﺎر ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ، ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺿﺮاﯾﺐ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ و ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﺪل( اﺳﺖ، ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪل ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﺑﺮازش ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ. ﺑﯿﻦ اﺧﻼق ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي و ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ورزﺷﯽ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد؛ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ 20/2 درﺻﺪ از اﺛﺮ اﺧﻼق ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﻣﺮﺑﯿﮕﺮي از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ، ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، اﺧﻼق ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ﺑﺎﺷﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد و ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﻦ ورزش ﺟﻬﺖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻬﺎدﯾﻨﻪ ﮐﺮدن اﺧﻼق ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي در آنﻫﺎ اﻫﺘﻤﺎم وﯾﮋه داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Among the three important and influential factors involved in the success of sports teams (i.e. athlete, coach, and spectator), the coach in the role of team leader, as a strong organizer and the basis of any progress, is considered. One of the basic issues in sports is the observance of the ethical principles and having professional ethics by sports coaches as the leaders of the athletes in the sports fields. The aim of this work is to investigate the relationship between the professional ethics of sports coaches and selfefficacy with respect to the mediating role of competence. Introduction Today, coaching, as one of the most difficult jobs in the world, requires extraordinary skills and knowledge in order to train the skilled athletes. One of the reasons for the adjective problem in this profession is that the result of the work of coaches is exposed to the careful and meticulous look of spectators, players, sports managers, journalists, and critics of society (Vogt and Klein, 2020). In this regard, the sports coaches should have the necessary competencies along with appropriate professional ethics for a greater effectiveness and self-efficacy, which have been considered in this work. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between the professional ethics and the coaching self-efficacy with regard to the mediating role of competence of sports coaches in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province in Iran.
Methodology and Approach
The present work was an applied and correlational one. It was conducted in 118 football and futsal coaches in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province in Iran who had a coaching certificate and were active in various competitions in the province in 1397. The studied sample size was selected to be equal to the population. In total, 111 coaches (94%) completed the questionnaires. The data was collected using the coach competence questionnaire of Montazeri et al. (2018), professional ethics questionnaire of Eidi et al. (2016), and coaching efficiency questionnaire of Myers et al. (2008), and the validity and reliability were confirmed. The data analysis was performed by the partial least squares method, which included evaluation of measurement models (Cronbach's alpha, combined reliability, convergent and divergent validity), structural model fitting (factor load coefficients, significance of path coefficients and determination coefficient, and model forecast index. The SPSS software (version 16) and Smart PLS software (version 2) were used in order to analyze the data.
Results and Conclusion
The results obtained showed that the research work proposed a model that had a good fit. There is a direct and significant relationship between the professional ethics and the self-efficacy of sports coaches. Furthermore, 20.2% of the effect of professional ethics on coaching self-efficacy was indirectly explained by the mediating variable of the coaches' competence. Based on the findings of this work, it can be concluded that the sports coaches’ professional ethics leads to the development of their selfefficacy by increasing their competency. The sport authorities in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province in Iran should pay special attention to institutionalizing the professional ethics in order to increase the self-efficacy of the sports coaches.
