طراحي مدل توسعه كارآفريني ديجيتال درشركت‌هاي دانش بنيان كوچك و متوسط با تاكيد بر سياست‌هاي اقتصاد مقاومتي

Designing a Digital Entrepreneurship Development Model in Small and Medium-Sized Knowledge-Based Companies with Emphasis on Resistance Economy Policies

مهم‌ترين شاخص‌هاي تحقق بند اول و دوم سياست‌هاي اقتصاد مقاومتي، توسعه كارآفريني در شركت‌هاي دانش بنيان است. درسال‌هاي اخير، فناوري اطلاعات به كمك كارآفريني آمده و مبحث كارآفريني ديجيتال مطرح شده است. با شيوع كوويد19 و وجود تحريم‌ها،  ضرورت توسعه اين نوع كارآفريني بيش از پيش احساس مي‌شود. هدف از اين پژوهش طراحي مدلي براي توسعه كارآفريني ديجيتال در شركت‌هاي دانش بنيان كوچك و متوسط، در چارچوب سياست‌هاي اقتصاد مقاومتي از منظر مقام معظم رهبري مبني بر استفاده از ظرفيت‌هاي دروني و پيشتازي اقتصاد دانش بنيان است.اين پژوهش با مطالعه عميق ادبيات موضوع، تعداد 147كد مربوط به توسعه كارآفريني ديجيتال را شناسايي و با استفاده از روش‌هاي كيفي تحليل مضمون و مصاحبه عميق نيمه ساختار يافته، با استفاده از نرم افزاMAXQDA ، اين كدها را به 29 مضمون پايه و7 مضمون سازمان دهنده تبديل كرد. در مرحله بعد با استفاده از روش مدل سازي ساختاري تفسيري، به مدل سازي مضامين سازمان دهنده و مضامين پايه پرداخته و مدل نهايي توسعه كارآفريني ديجيتال را در سه بعد زمينه‌اي، ساختاري و محتوايي ارائه  نمود.نتايج نشان داد عوامل بعد زمينه‌اي با بيشترين تأثيرگذاري و عوامل بعد ساختاري با بيشترين تأثيرپذيري، نقش مهمي را در توسعه كارآفريني ديجيتال در شركت‌هاي دانش‌بنيان كوچك و متوسط دارا هستند. همچنين پيشنهاد مي‌شود به‌منظور افزايش روند توسعه در اين شركت‌ها، در زمان تدوين استراتژي نوآوري محصولات/خدمات، مدل كسب‌وكار ديجيتال و پيكربندي منابع به‌عنوان عوامل ساختاري با بيشترين تأثيرپذيري، به نقش  عوامل زمينه‌اي و محتوايي با بيشترين تأثيرگذاري، توجه ويژه شود.

Abstract Main question (or main purpose): The most important indicators for the realization of the first and second paragraphs of the policies of the resistance economy are the development of entrepreneurship in knowledge-based companies. In recent years, information and communication technology has come to the aid of entrepreneurship and the issue of digital entrepreneurship has been raised. With the prevalence of Covid-19 and the existence of sanctions, the need to develop this type of entrepreneurship is felt more than ever. The purpose of this study is to design a model for the development of digital entrepreneurship in small and medium-sized knowledge-based companies, within the framework of the policies of the resistance economy from the perspective of the Supreme Leader based on the use of internal capacities and leadership of knowledge-based economy. research method: This study, by in-depth study of the subject literature, identified 147 codes related to the development of digital entrepreneurship and using qualitative methods of content analysis and semi-structured in-depth interviews with MAXQDA, converted these codes into 29 basic themes and 7 organizing themes. In the next step, using interpretive structural modeling method, the organizational themes and basic themes were modeled and the final model of digital entrepreneurship development was presented in three contextual, structural and content dimensions. findings: The results showed that the contextual factors with the most impact and structural factors with the most impact have an important role in the development of digital entrepreneurship in small and medium knowledge-based companies. Highlights texts related to the subject area of ​​the present study and identifying the theoretical gap and inadequacy of available scientific resources, this study seeks to examine the development of digital entrepreneurship in small and medium-sized knowledge-based companies. A coherent form has been examined and a comprehensive model that includes all dimensions and factors and relationships between them has not been presented, but only some of its dimensions and factors have been studied separately. Also, due to the fact that the approach of resistance economics has been considered in writing this article, there is no similar example for the development of digital entrepreneurship in knowledge-based companies considering resistance economics in reliable scientific sources. In other words, the study of important and effective factors such as digital business model, product / service innovation strategy and resource configuration in the structural dimension, digital entrepreneurship ecosystem and environmental factors in the context dimension and individual and organizational factors in the content dimension, as dimensions an‎d the factors that lead to the transformation and development of digital entrepreneurship in knowledge-based companies are felt more and more by considering the policies of the resistance economy in the face of sanctions.