چكيده فارسي :
جمهوري اسلامي ايران از دهه 80 شمسي تاكنون بر يك سياست شرقي تاكيد كرده كه روابط با روسيه بخش مهمي از آن بوده و اين موضوع به ويژه در سالهاي 1384 تا 1392 با جديت بيشتري در سياستهاي اعلامي و عملياتي دنبال شده است. اما مساله اصلي در اين روابط آن است كه با وجود نگرش شرقي در سياست خارجي ايران در آن دوره در عمل روابط سياسي محدود شده و سپس مبادلات اقتصادي دو طرف كاهش يافت و در اين رابطه تاثير تحريمهاي بين المللي، تحريمهاي مصوب شوراي امنيت سازمان ملل متحد با مشاركت كشورهاي غربي و شرقي از اهميت زيادي برخوردار بوده است و لذا اين پرسش مطرح ميشود كه تحريمهاي بين المللي چگونه و تا چه ميزان بر كاهش روابط تهران و مسكو در عصر سياست شرقي تاثير داشتهاند؟ ايده محوري در اين مقاله آن است كه « كاهش روابط دو كشور بيشتر متاثر از تحريمهاي بينالمللي بوده و اين تحريمها به خاطر پايبندي روسيه به رژيمهاي امنيتي و هنجاري بينالمللي برخاسته از توافقات بين المللي و نيز راي مثبت به قطعنامههاي شوراي امنيت سازمان ملل متحد در تحريم ايران از يكسو و ماهيت الزامآور آنها از سوي ديگر، روابط دو طرف را به شدت كاهش داده و سياست شرقي ايران را با چالش روبهرو كردهاند». در اين نوشته براي نشان دادن رابطه تحريمها و روابط دو كشور از روش همبستگي متغيرها بهره جسته و براي تحليل دلايل پيوستن روسيه به قطعنامههاي تحريمي سازمان ملل متحد عليه ايران از روش تحليل كيفي دادههاي موجود در كتابخانهها، تارنماها و نيز ديدگاههاي برخي صاحبنظران پرداختهايم.
چكيده لاتين :
The Islamic Republic of Iran has, since the 2000s, stressed an eastward policy and the relations with Russia have been a major part of this policy, and this issue, especially in the years 2005 to 2014, has been more seriously pursued in the stated and practical policies. But the main matter in these relations is that, despite an eastward look in the Iranian foreign policy during those years, in practice the political ties were limited during that era followed by reduction of economic exchanges, and in this regard, the impact of the international sanctions, the sanctions approved by the UNSC which were supported by western and eastern countries, has been of great importance, and therefore, this question arises that how far and to what extent have the international sanctions impacted the reduction of Tehran-Moscow relations in the era of eastward policy? The pivotal idea of this paper is that “ the reduction of the two countries’ relations is more influenced by the international sanctions and these sanctions, due to Russia’s compliance with the international normative and security regimes resulted from international agreements and Russia’s approval of the UNSC resolutions in sanctioning Iran, on one side, and the binding nature of these sanctions, on the other side, have severely reduced the relations of the two sides and made Iran’s eastward policy faced with challenges.” In this paper, for showing the relation of sanctions to the two countries’ ties, the method of codependence of variables has been used and for analyzing the reasons why Russia joined the sanctions resolutions of the UN against Iran, the method of Qualitative Analysis of the existing data in libraries, websites, and the views of some experts has been employed