كليدواژه :
چاه دادخدا , بررسي باستان شناختي , محوطه هاي باستاني , حوزه جازموريان
چكيده لاتين :
Chāhdādkhodā is located at the southernmost of Kerman province; on the border with
provinces of Sistan & Baluchistan and Hormozgan. In the administrative divisions of Iran,
This area is one of dual districts of Qalehganj towns. In 2016, the first archaeological
survey season of Qalehganj was carried out for completing the archaeological map of Iran
and identifying the cultural sequence in this area. In present paper, it's tried to determine
the regional and trans- regional interactions of study area with its adjacent regions by
analyzing and integrating the results of survey. Based on the carried survey, 66 sites and
traces were identified that chronologically belonging to periods of Paleolithic (2 cases),
fifth millennium bc (2 cases), fourth millennium bc (10 cases), third millennium bc (27
cases), Historic periods(29 sites) and Islamic era (3 cases) and Recent century(2 cases.).
Morphologically and functionally, the Ancient sites can be divided to 8 types: 1-Wide
multi- functional sites 2- Historical Crain burials 3- Ancient tepes 4- Metallurgy sites 5-
religion buildings 6 - fortresses 7- Rock engravings 8- Ancient sites with small cultural
domination. Based on geographical location, all of above sites situated on two areas as
highland zone and plain.
Finally, by analyzing of preliminary results of present study area and its adjacent area at
northern highlands of Persian gulf, Baluchistan (Bampur) ,Halilroud basin (Jiroft) and
Soghan valley) we can consider the study area as a intermediation for connection of
mentioned areas in prehistoric and historical periods.
Qal’eh Ganj is located on the mostsouthern place of Kerman province. Chāh-e Khodādād is
one of two districts of the present Qal’eh Ganj County, on the border of Sistan &
Balouchestan and Hormozgan (Figure 1).
In 2016, the first season of archaeological survey and reconnaissance of town of Qal’eh
Ganj has been carried out as a part of the Iranian National Archaeological Map Project in
which the authors tried to clarify the cultural status of the region in different periods in
Chāh-e Khodādād District (Mortezayi & Anjomrouz, 2017).
In addition to the purposes as mentioned above, the present research attempts to analyze
and compound the results of this research and to discern regional and trans-regional
connections and interactions with the neighboring areas.
This region has a strategic situation because it lies at the trijunction of three significant
culturalgeographical zones in the southeast of Iran (Mokrān shores, the Persian Gulf shores
and Halīlrūd Rūd (Halīl River) basin (Figure 1).
This survey resulted in the discovery of 66 archaeological localities dating from
Palaeolithic to Islamic periods. The sites as mentioned earlier which are morphologically influenced by the geographical factors of their places can be categorized into two different
types: plain areas and highlands (foothill and mountainous areas).
The first season of archaeological survey and reconnaissance of town of Qal’eh Ganj has
been carried out as a part of the Iranian National Archaeological Map Project in which the
authors tried to clarify the cultural status of the region in different periods in Chāh-e
Khodādād District (Mortezayi & Anjomrouz, 2017). The present research attempts to
analyse and compound the results of this project and discern regional and trans-regional
connections and interactions of this area with the neighbouring areas.
Throughout historic and prehistoric period, how is assess the cultural connection of survey
area with surrounded regions?
Based on geographical location of study area and archaeological document from
surrounded area, we can assume survey area as an intermediation for cultural connection
between Halilroud basins, Baluchistan and northen beach of Persian Gulf.
Based on the survey, 66 sites and properties have been identified and registered which
belong to the Paleolithic (Figure 7 & 8; Table 1), 5th millennium BC (Figure 9; Table 1),
4th millennium BC (Figure 10 & 11; Table 1), 3rd millennium BC (Figure 12 & 13; Table
1), Historical period (Figure 15 & 16; Table 1), the Islamic period (Table 1) and the recent
century (Table 1).
Considering the morphology and forms of the settlements, all of the recollected sites have
been divided into eight types of sites including large compound sites, historical cemeteries,
ancient tepes (mounds), archaeometallurgical sites, religious buildings, fortresses,
petroglyphs and ancient sites with a few numbers of cultural materials.
The sites as mentioned earlier which are morphologically influenced by the geographical
factors of their places can be categorized into two different types: plain areas and foothill
and mountainous areas.
This survey which begins with an investigation on some cases dating back to the middle
Paleolithic is in line with other similar researches, but it is the starting point of a series of
studies in the area in question as well as in the southeast of Iran. The preliminary findings
prove, at least, the noticeable potentials of the area under study for further Paleolithic
researches.
New finds of Paleolithic period from survey area provide a base to develop Paleolithic
research in southeastern Iran especially for asses this area in dispersal of human at southern
corridor of Iran (Vahdati nasab et al, 2012).
Typology and dating of prehistoric sites (Table 2-4) along with their quantity an dispersion
of cultural materials indicates potentiality of survey area for appearance and development
of third millennium bc occupations and probably cities of this period on the margin of
episodic rivers. Vicinity and interference of third millennium sites with chalcolithic
occupations suggest fifth and forth millennium cultures for searching origins of Bronze Age
occupations formation in same regain.
The analysis of the preliminary findings as well as other few investigations in the
neighboring regions in the northern heights of the Persian Gulf (Podat, 2010) including the
vast sites of the Bronze Age in the seasonal riversides of the sites under study, these
findings can function as a bridge between basin of Jazmurian and the northern shores of the
Persian Gulf.
Presence of special pottery of historical period, namord and londo in study area (Figures 15
& 16; Table 5), implies on intermediating role of southern Jazmurian between areas from
Baluchistan to southern shores of Persian Gulf in Arabian Peninsula.
