اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ﻫﯿﺠﺎنﻣﺪار ﺑﺮ ﻃﺮحوارهﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ زوﺟﯿﻦ در دوران ﻋﻘﺪ

The Effectiveness of Emotion-Oriented Therapy on Early Maladaptive Schemas during Marriage

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ازدواج ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ روﯾﺪادﻫﺎي زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺮد اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎ و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻓﺮد ﭘﯿﺶ از ازدواج ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻃـﺮح وارهﻫـﺎي ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﯾﮑﯽ از روﯾﮑﺮدﻫﺎي درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮحوارهﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، درﻣﺎن ﻫﯿﺠﺎن ﻣﺪار اﺳﺖ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ﻫﯿﺠﺎنﻣﺪار ﺑﺮ ﻃﺮحوارهﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ در دوران ﻋﻘﺪ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: ﻃﺮح ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﺑﻌﺪ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﺑﻌﺪ روش اﺟﺮا ﺷﺒﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن، ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي 2 ﻣﺎه اﺳﺖ. از ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ زوﺟﯿﻦ در دوران ﻋﻘﺪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪاي 40 ﻧﻔﺮي از زوﺟﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔـﺮوه ﺟـﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. آﻣﻮزش درﻣﺎن ﻫﯿﺠﺎن ﻣﺪار ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 12 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪ. از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻃﺮحوارهﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ ﯾﺎﻧﮓ )1990( ﺑـﺮاي ﮔـﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. دادهﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﮑﺮر ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖآﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن داد درﻣﺎن ﻫﯿﺠﺎنﻣﺪار ﺑﺮ ﻃﺮحوارهﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ )0.05=p(. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐـﻪ اﺛـﺮ ﺗﻌـﺎﻣﻠﯽ زﻣﺎن*ﮔﺮوه و ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ در ﻧﻤﺮات ﺷﺮﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻃﺮحوارهﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد )0.01=p(. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ درﻣﺎن ﻫﯿﺠﺎن ﻣﺪار ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد آﮔﺎﻫﯽ، ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ و ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ، ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯿﺖ زوﺟﯿﻦ را در ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﻫﯿﺠﺎنﻫﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ و اﻧﺤﺮاﻓـﺎت ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﻃﺮحوارهﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ را ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ و ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان روﯾﮑﺮد درﻣﺎﻧﯽ در ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ زوﺟﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدد.

Aim and Background: Marriage is one of the most important events in the life of any person, which is influenced by characteristics of the person before marriage, such as the early maladaptive schemas. One of the treatment approaches proposed for early maladaptive schemas is emotion therapy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on early maladaptive schemas during marriage. Methods and Materials: The present research plan is quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up. For this purpose, a sample of 40 couples were selected during the marriage using the available sampling method and filled out the Yang (1990) early maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire. They were given emotion-focused therapy for 12 sessions. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Findings: The results showed that emotion-focused therapy was effective on early maladaptive schemas (p=0.05). The results showed that the interactive effect of time * group and intergroup source had a significant difference in participants' scores regarding early maladaptive schemas (p=0.01). Conclusions: Thus, emotion-focused therapy increases couples' involvement in emotion regulation by improving awareness, cognition, and emotion regulation, and reduces cognitive deviations resulting from early maladaptive schemas.