ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻓﺮزﻧﺪﭘﺮوري ﭼﻨﺪﺑﻌﺪي ﻣﻌﻨﻮي ﺧﺪاﺳﻮ و ﻓﺮزﻧﺪﭘﺮوري ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺮﻣـﺖ ﺧﻮد، ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي و ﺧﻮد ﻣﻬﺎرﮔﺮي ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن داراي واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﭘﺮاﺳﺘﺮس

Comparison of the Effectiveness of GOD Oriented Multidimensional Spiritual Parenting and Positive Parenting Program on Self-Esteem, Self-Efficacy and Self- Control of Children with Stressed Parents

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻓﺮزﻧﺪﭘﺮوري ﭼﻨﺪﺑﻌﺪي ﻣﻌﻨﻮي ﺧﺪا ﺳﻮ )GOSP( و ﻓﺮزﻧﺪﭘﺮوري ﻣﺜﺒﺖ )TRIPLE P( ﺑﺮ ﺣﺮﻣـﺖ ﺧﻮد، ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي و ﺧﻮدﻣﻬﺎرﮔﺮي ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن داراي واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﭘﺮاﺳﺘﺮس، ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽِ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ آﻣﺎري داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان 8 ﺗﺎ 11 ﺳﺎﻟﻪاي ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 1398-99 در ﻣـﺪارس ﻣﻨﻄﻘـﻪ 15 ﺷـﻬﺮ ﺗﻬـﺮان ﻣﺸـﻐﻮل ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻞ ﺑﻮده و داراي واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﭘﺮاﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ؛30 ﻧﻔﺮ از اﯾﻦ ﻣﺎدران ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس و ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮي در ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘـﺮل )ﻫﺮﮐـﺪام 10 ﻧﻔﺮ( ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪ آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ GOSP )12 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ( و ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه 2، TRIPLE P )10 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻓﺮزﻧﺪﭘﺮوري ﺳﺎﻧﺪرز 1992( ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت 120 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﮕﯽ آﻣﻮزش داده ﺷﺪ و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﮑﺮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﻌﺪ از آﻣﻮزش، ﭘﺲآزﻣـﻮن ﺑـﺮاي ﻫـﺮ ﺳـﻪ ﮔـﺮوه از داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺗﮏ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮات داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان در ﮔﺮوه GOSP در ﺣﺮﻣﺖ ﺧﻮد و ﺧﻮد ﻣﻬﺎرﮔﺮي ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري از ﮔﺮوه TRIPLE P و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ در ﮔﺮوه GOSP ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﻣﯿـﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤـﺮات ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣـﺪي ﺗﺤﺼـﯿﻠﯽ در ﻫـﺮ دو ﮔـﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري از ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﯿﻦ ﺣﺮﻣﺖ ﺧﻮد و ﺧﻮد ﻣﻬﺎرﮔﺮي ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن در دو ﮔﺮوه TRIPLE P و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﻔـﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨـﺎداري ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾﺖ ﺧﺪا ﺳﻮ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻮﻟﯽ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن، اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ آﻣﻮزشﻫﺎي ﻓﺮزﻧﺪﭘﺮوري ﺑﺮ ﺧﻮد ﻣﻬﺎرﮔﺮي، ﺣﺮﻣﺖ ﺧﻮد و ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي در ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ.

Aim and Background: The authors conducted a quasi-experimental study to compare the effectiveness of GOSP and Triple P on self-esteem, self-efficacy and self-control of children. Methods and Materials: The statistical population was students aged 8 to 11 who were studying in schools of 15th district of Tehran that had parents with high stress.30 mothers after screening process were randomly replaced in three experimental and control groups (10 people each). The subjects in the experimental groups were trained in (GOSP) (12 sessions), and Triple p (10 sessions according to the Saunders protocol, 1992) 120 minutes, weekly, and the control group did not receive any training. After the training course, post-test was performed for all three groups of students. Univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to assess data. Findings: Results revealed that the mean scores of students in the group (GOSP) in self-esteem and self-control were significantly higher than Triple p and the control group. The scores of emotional self-efficacy of GOSP were significantly higher than the control group, while there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups. Self-esteem and self-control of children had no significant difference in two groups of positive parenting and the control group. The mean scores of self-efficacy were not significantly different in experimental groups (GOSP and triple p). Regarding social self-efficacy, no significant difference was observed between the three experimental and control groups. Conclusions: These results suggest that the combination of God oriented spirituality perspective with considering the developmental characteristics of children, increases the effectiveness of parenting trainings on children.