اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﻣﺤﻮر ﺑﺮ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﺳﺮزﻧﺶ ﺧﻮد داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن دﺧﺘﺮ داراي ﺷﮑﺴـﺖ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ

Effectiveness of Compassion Focused Therapy on Negative Affect and Self-Blame in Female Students with Failing in Love

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﻋﺸﻖ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺣﯿﺮتاﻧﮕﯿﺰﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﯿﺠﺎنﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﮐﻨﺪ، اﻣﺎ درﻋﯿﻦﺣﺎل، ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﯾﮑﯽ از دردﻧﺎكﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﯿﺠﺎنﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﻧﺤﻼل رواﺑﻂ ﻋﺎﺷﻘﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻧﻮاع ﭘﺎﺳﺦﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﺟﺴﻤﯽ و رواﻧﯽ اﻋﻢ از اﺿﻄﺮاب، اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ، آﺳﯿﺐﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ رواﻧﯽ، ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ و ﺳﺮزﻧﺶ ﺧـﻮد ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ﺷﻔﻘﺖﻣﺤﻮر ﺑﺮ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﺳﺮزﻧﺶ ﺧﻮد در داﻧﺸـﺠﻮﯾﺎن دﺧﺘـﺮ ﺑـﺎ ﺷﮑﺴـﺖ ﻋـﺎﻃﻔﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮر از ﺑـﯿﻦ داﻧﺸـﺠﻮﯾﺎن دﺧﺘـﺮ داراي ﺗﺠﺮﺑـﻪ ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ زاﻫﺪان در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 97-96، ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪاي 40 ﻧﻔﺮه ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑـﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )20=n( ﮔﻤﺎرده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮐﻠﯿﻪ آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽﻫﺎ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﺳﺮزﻧﺶ ﺧﻮد را ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﮐﺮدﻧـﺪ. ﺳـﭙﺲ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 8 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ 90 دﻗﯿﻘﻪاي ﺗﺤﺖ آﻣﻮزش درﻣﺎن ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﻣﺤﻮر ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ، درﺣﺎﻟﯽﮐﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪاي درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﮑﺮد. در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن ﻫـﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺠﺪداً ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ )آﻧﮑﻮوا( ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﻣﺤﻮر ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻤﺮات ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﺳﺮزﻧﺶ ﺧﻮد در ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ )0/01 ≤P(. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﺳﺮزﻧﺶ ﺧﻮد در داﻧﺸـﺠﻮﯾﺎن دﺧﺘـﺮ ﺑـﺎ ﺷﮑﺴـﺖ ﻋـﺎﻃﻔﯽ ﻣـﯽ ﺗـﻮان از درﻣـﺎن ﺷﻔﻘﺖﻣﺤﻮر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮد و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد آن ﺑﺮ روي ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Aim and Background: Love is one of the most amazing emotions a person can experience, but at the same time, it can be one of the most painful emotions. Breaking up the romantic relationships has been accompanied with different negative physical and psychological responses such as depression, anxiety psychopathology, loneliness and self-blame. Current research has been done by the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of compassion focused therapy on negative affect and self-blame in female students with failing in love. Methods and Materials: Current study is a sort of semi-experimental research with pre-test and post-test So, among the female students with failing in love in Zahedan university of medical science (2017-2018), a sample of 40 students were selected and randomly arranged into experimental and control groups (n=20). All the subjects have completed the negative affect questionnaire in the pre-test stage. Then experimental group has been educating the compassion focused therapy for 8 sessions (each session lasted for 90 minutes), whereas the control group hasn't been receiving any intervention. In the end, both groups were evaluated and assessed again. The data were analyzed by Covariance analysis test. Findings: The results of covariance analysis showed that compassion-focused therapy intervention reduced the scores of negative affect and self-blame in the experimental group compared to the control group (P≤0/01). Conclusions: According to the results of the research compassion focused therapy could be utilized to decrease the negative affect and self-blame in female students with failing in love and its use is justified on the Iranian population