اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺑﺎزيدرﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻓﻠﻮرﺗﺎﯾﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻫﯿﺠﺎن، ﺧـﻮدﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﯽ و ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدﻫـﺎي اﺟﺮاﯾـﯽ در ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯽ/ ﻧﻘﺺ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ

The Effectiveness Floor Time Play Therapy on Emotion Management, Self-Control, and Executive Functions in Students with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﻧﺸﺎن داده اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﯿﻪ اﻧﺮژي ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯽ و ﻧﻘﺺ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺗﺤـﺖ ﻋﻨـﻮان ﺑـ ﺎزي ﻣـ ﯽﺗﻮاﻧـﺪ ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ ﺧـﻮﺑﯽ ﺑـﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدﻫﺎي روزاﻧﻪ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺑﺎزيدرﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻓﻠﻮرﺗـﺎﯾﻢ ﺑـﺮ ﻣـﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻫﯿﺠـﺎن، ﺧـﻮدﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﯽ و ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدﻫـﺎي اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ در ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯽ و ﻧﻘﺺ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن- ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن- ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﭼﻨﺪ ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷـﺪ، از ﺑـﯿﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﮐﻠﯿﻪ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان دوره اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻼﺑﻪ اﺧﺘﻼل ﻧﻘﺺ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ و ﺑﯿﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯽ در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 98-99 ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺮاﮐـﺰ ﻣﺸـﺎوره ﺷـﻬﺮ اراك، 24 آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ و ﻟﺤﺎظ ﮐﺮدن ﻣﻼكﻫﺎي ورود و ﺧﺮوج ﺑﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺨـﺎب و ﺑـﺎ ﺷـﯿﻮه ﮔﻤـﺎرش ﺗﺼـﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔـﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ، ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در آﻏﺎز ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ )ﺑﺎزيدرﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻓﻠﻮرﺗﺎﯾﻢ(، اﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ و دو ﻣﺎه ﭘﺲ از ﺧﺎﺗﻤﻪ درﻣﺎن ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾـﺎﺑﯽ ﻗـﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻬﺎرت ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻫﯿﺠﺎن ﮐﻮدك زﯾﻤﻦ و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران )2001(، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮدﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﯽ ادراكﺷﺪه ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻫـﺎﻣﻔﺮ ي )2000( و ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن و ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﺑﺎرﮐﻠﯽ )2012( ﺑﻮد. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﮑﺮر ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎزيدرﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻓﻠﻮرﺗﺎﯾﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻫﯿﺠﺎن، ﮐﻨﺘﺮل رﻓﺘﺎر و ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري داﺷﺖ )0/001

Aim and Background: Research has shown that energy depletion in children with ADHD can have good results on daily functioning. Therefore, the aim of this study was to the Effectiveness Floor Time Play Therapy on Emotion Management, Self-Control, and Executive Functions in Students with ADHD. Methods and Materials: The method of the present study is a quasi-experimental type of pre-test-post-test-multi-group follow-up plans with a control group. Counseling centers in Arak, 24 subjects were selected by purposive sampling method and considering the criteria for entry and exit to the research and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, both research groups at the beginning of the intervention (Floor Time play therapy), Completion of the intervention and two months after the end of treatment were evaluated. Research instruments included the Child Emotion Management Skills Questionnaire Ziman et al. (2001), the Perceived Self-Control Questionnaire Humphrey Children (2000) and Children and Adolescents Executive Performance Scale Barclay (2012). Data were evaluated using repeated measures analysis of variance. Findings: The results showed that Floor Time play therapy had a significant effect on emotion management, behavior control and executive functions (P≤0.001). Conclusions: It seems that Floor Time play therapy can be considered as an effective intervention to improve executive functions, control behavior and emotion management in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder