مدل چابك‌سازي زنجيره تأمين سازمان‌هاي پروژه ‌محور (مطالعه موردي: قرارگاه سازندگي خاتم‌الانبيا(ص) )

The Supply Chain Agility Model for Project-Oriented Organizations: The Case of Khatamal-Anbia Construction Site

زﻧﺠﯿﺮه ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﭼﺎﺑﮏ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ﻓﺎﺋﻖ آﻣﺪن ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎزارﻫﺎي ﭘﻮﯾﺎ و ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ را دارد. ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭼﺎﺑﮏ ﺳﺎزي زﻧﺠﯿﺮه ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﺤﻮر اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ازﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و ازﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﺤﻮه ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺑﺎﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻗﺮارﮔﺎه ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺧﺎﺗﻢاﻻﻧﺒﯿﺎء)ص( ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻗﺮارﮔﺎه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از ﺳﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ رواﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ 35ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ، 0/810 ،0/841 و 0/792 ﺑﺮاي 3 ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ، ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. در ﻓﺎز ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ اوﻟﯿﻪ اﺑﻌﺎد و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در زﻧﺠﯿﺮه ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﭼﺎﺑﮏ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﺤﻮر، از ﭘﺮﺳﺶ-ﻧﺎﻣﻪ اول و ﺑﺮاي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ اﺑﻌﺎد و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ، از ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ دوم اﺳﺘﻔﺎدهﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اداﻣﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از روشﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ آﻣﺎر اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ و ﻧﺮماﻓﺰارﻫﺎي SPSS و EXCEL، 32 ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ )در 5 ﺑﻌﺪ( ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ ﭼﺎﺑﮏ ﺳﺎزي زﻧﺠﯿﺮه ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﺤﻮر ﻗﻄﻌﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از ﻓﻦ دﯾﻤﺘﻞ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ رواﺑﻂ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي اﺣﺼﺎ ﺷﺪه )ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺳﻮم( ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار 18-Amos ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮازش ﻣﺪل ﺑﻪدﺳﺖآﻣﺪه و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ در اﺑﻌﺎد ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ، ﺗﺎبآوري و ﻓﻨﺎوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت دﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ رواﺑﻂ اﯾﻦ اﺑﻌﺎد ﺑﺎ ﭼﺎﺑﮏ ﺳﺎزي و ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ، ﻣﺪل ﭼﺎﺑﮑﯽ زﻧﺠﯿﺮه ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮازش ﺧﻮب ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ اﺑﻌﺎد ﺗﺎبآوري و ﻓﻨﺎوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت و زﯾﺮ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎﯾﺸﺎن، ﻣﺆﺛﺮﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎ در ﭼﺎﺑﮏﺳﺎزي و اﺑﻌﺎد سرعت و شايستگي در مراتب بعدي قرار دارند.

An agile supply chain is capable of overcoming dynamic markets and environmental challenges. Therefore, the purpose of this applied descriptive-analytic research was to promote agility in project-based organizations’ supply chain. The research population consisted of a number of experienced experts at Khatam Al-Anbia construction sites from whom a purposeful clustered sample of experts from five sites were selected to participate in the study. The data collection instruments included three questionnaires the validity of which had been initially confirmed by 35 experts with acceptably high Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0/841, 0/810, and 0/792, respectively. The first questionnaire was employed in the initial phase of the study to identify effective components in agile supply chain and the second questionnaire was employed to identify the final criteria. Further analyses of the data through inferential statistics, SPSS and EXCEL software underscored five major factors and 28 components of agility of supply chain. Next, the data obtained from the third quesitonnaire were analyzed via Demetel Technique to determine the criteria relationships in agility model with Amos-18 software used for model fitting and path analysis. The selected components were categorized into four dimensions of competency, speed, and resilience and information technology. Having delineated the interrelationships among these dimensions and with agility, we obtained a supply chain agility model for Khatam al-Anbia construction site with good fit. The findings indicated resilience and information technology and their sub-components as the most effective components in agility with speed and aptness coming next.