مهارتهاي رفتاري كنترل خشم با رويكرد منابع ديني

Behavioral Management of Anger regaring the Attitudes of Religious Sources

ﺧﺸﻢ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﺎت اﻧﺴﺎن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ رﻏﻢ ﻓﻮاﺋﺪ،در ﺻﻮرت ﻋﺪم ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﯿﻨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻋﻘﻠﯽ و ﺷﺮﻋﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ آﺳﯿﺐ ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮدي،اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﺗﻨﺶ ﻫﺎ، ﻧﺰاع ﻫﺎ و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺟﺮاﯾﻢ ﺑﯿﻨﺠﺎﻣﺪ،.از اﯾﻦ رو ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﺮي از اﯾﻦ ﺣﻮادث راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎﯾﯽ اراﺋﻪ ﮔﺮدد،اﻧﺴﺎن ﻫﺎ داراي ﺳﻪ ﻻﯾﻪ ، ﺑﯿﻨﺶ،ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ، ﮐﻨﺶ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. در آﻣﻮزه ﻫﺎي ﻗﺮآن و رواﯾﺎت ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺧﺸﻢ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎﯾﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺣﯿﻄﻪ اﺑﻌﺎد اﻧﺴﺎن؛ ﺑﯿﻨﺶﻫﺎ، ﮔﺮاﯾﺶﻫﺎ و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺎن ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﮔﺴﺘﺮدﮔﯽ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻬﺎرت ﻫﺎي ﮐﻨﺸﯽ )رﻓﺘﺎري( ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺧﺸﻢ ﻣﯽ ﭘﺮدازد. از اﯾﻦ رﻫﮕﺬر ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻗﺮآن ﮐﺮﯾﻢ و ﺳﯿﺮه اﻫﻞ ﺑﯿﺖ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﻢ اﻟﺴﻼم و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ روان ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﻣﻬﺎرت ﻫﺎ و روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ را ﺑﺮاي ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺧﺸﻢ ﻣﻄﺮح ﮐﺮده اﻧﺪ اﯾﻦ راﻫﮑﺎرارا در ﯾﮏ دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ دو دﺳﺘﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﻧﻤﻮد ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪﻫﺎي رﻓﺘﺎري ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ورزش، ﺻﻠﻪ رﺣﻢ، ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﺣﺎﻻت وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺪن و... ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﻨﻮي ﻧﻈﯿﺮ وﺿﻮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ، ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و... ، ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻬﺎرت ﻫﺎ و روش ﻫﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺤﺚ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Anger is one of human emotions which has its own benefits,. Despite its benefits, it can result in personal and social damages, tensions, disputes and other crimes if it doesn't get controlled or managed. Therefore, it is necessary to devise ways to prevent these situations. Humans have three conceptual layers including intuition, attitudes and behaviors. Due to the expansive nature of this subject, present study is just focused on the behavioral skills of anger management by drawing on descriptive-analytical methods. To do so, by relaying on Holly Qoran, Ahl-olbayt (peace be upon them) morals and psychological literature as secondary sources, suitable skills and methods for managing anger can be drawn out. These methods can be devided to two parts. The first part consists of behavioral controls like exercising, piety, changing bodily dispositions; the secod part consists of spiritual controls like preforming ablution, having a healthy diet and etc. Understanding these methods and skills is the focus of this study