پديد آورندگان :
رزازي، ﻧﺎزﻧﯿﻦ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ اﻫﻮاز - گروه ژﻧﺘﯿﮏ و ﺑﻪ ﻧﮋادي، اﻫﻮاز، اﯾﺮان , ﺟﻌﻔﺮي، ﻋﻠﯽ اﺷﺮف داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ اﻫﻮاز - گروه ژﻧﺘﯿﮏ و ﺑﻪ ﻧﮋادي، اﻫﻮاز، اﯾﺮان , ﺧﺪارﺣﻢ ﭘﻮر، زﻫﺮا داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ ﺷﻮﺷﺘﺮ - گروه زراﻋﺖ و اﺻﻼح ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎت، ﺷﻮﺷﺘﺮ، اﯾﺮان , ﺳﺎدات، ﺷﻬﺎب داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ اﻫﻮاز - گروه ژﻧﺘﯿﮏ و ﺑﻪ ﻧﮋادي، اﻫﻮاز، اﯾﺮان
چكيده فارسي :
ﺟﻨﺲ ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ اي Stachys spp. از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﺋﯽ ادوﯾﻪاي و ﻣﻌﻄﺮ ﺗﯿﺮه ﻧﻌﻨﺎﻋﯿﺎن Lamiaceae ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﺷـﻮﻧﺪ و در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﯾﺮان ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺷـﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ اﺳـﺎﻧﺲ ﭘـﻨﺞ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ از ﺟﻨﺲ S. germanica ،S. inflata ،S. laxa ،S. lavandulifolia) ،Stachys و S. byzantina( ﺑﺬر آن ﻫﺎ در ﺳـﺎل 1397 در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ، ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت و آﻣﻮزش ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺧﺮمآﺑﺎد ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ ﮐﺎﻣـﻞ از ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ، در ﺳﺎﯾﻪ ﺧﺸﮏ و آﺳﯿﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺳﺎﻧﺲﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮐﻠﻮﻧﺠﺮ و روش ﺗﻘﻄﯿﺮ ﺑـﺎ آب اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ و ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي GC و GC/MS ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﺑﯿﺸـﺘﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻤﺘـﺮﯾﻦ ﺑـﺎزده اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺎ 2/0 و 0/8 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي S. lavandulifolia وS. byzantina ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار آﻟﻔﺎ-ﭘﯿـﻨﻦ ﺑﺎ 6/1 و 9/9 درﺻﺪ و ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺘﺎ-ﻓﻼﻧﺪرن ﺑﺎ 19/2 و 25/1 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي S. laxa و S. inflata ﺑﺪﺳـﺖ آﻣـﺪ و ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺳﺎﺑﯿﻨﻦ، دي ﻟﯿﻤﻮﻧﻦ و اﻻﮔﺰاﯾﻦ در ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻌﺪي ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻟﯿﻨـﺎﻟﻮل ﺑـﺎ 9/9 و 3/9 درﺻـﺪ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿـﺐ در ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي S. germanica و S. inflata و ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﮐﺎرﯾﻮﻓﯿﻠﻦ ﺑﺎ 15/6 درﺻـﺪ در ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ S. laxa ﺑـ ﻪ دﺳـﺖ آﻣـﺪ. ﻣﻘـﺪار ژرﻣﺎﮐﺮن-دي در ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي S. lavandulifolia ،S. laxa ،S. byzantina وS. inflata ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﻌـﺎدل 33/8، 4/4، 3/1 و 2/7
درﺻﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت اﺻﻠﯽ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ S. lavandulifolia، ﺷﺎﻣﻞ آﻟﻔﺎ -ﮐﺎدﯾﻨﻮل )8/7 درﺻـﺪ (، اﺳـﭙﺎدوﻟﻨﻮل ) 6/8 درﺻـﺪ (، ﺳـﯿﮕﻤﺎ ﮐﺎدﯾﻨﻦ )6/5 درﺻﺪ(، ﺑﯽ ﺳﯿﮑﺮوژرﻣﺎﮐﺮن )4/6 درﺻﺪ(، ﺳﯿﮕﻤﺎ- ﮐﺎدﯾﻨﻮل )3/1 درﺻﺪ( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ اﯾـﻦ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﺑـﺎ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺶ وﺳﯿﻊ آن در اﯾﺮان ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ اي ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺸﺖ و اﻫﻠﯽ ﮐﺮدن ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد.
چكيده لاتين :
Stachys L. belonging to Lamiaceae family is one of the most important medicinal and
aromatic herbs that is found in different regions of Iran. This research was aimed to compare the
chemical composition of essential oils in five species of Stachys (S. lavandulifolia, S. laxa, S.
inflata, S. germanica and S. byzantina), so their seeds were planted and propagated in a research
farm in Khorramabad in 2018. Plants were sampled at full flowering stage. The samples were
dried and ground in the shade. Essential oil extraction was performed using Clevenger apparatus
and water distillation method and their compositions were determined by GC and GC / MS. The
essential oil compounds were detected using GC and GC/MS. The results showed that the
highest and lowest essential oil yields (w/w) with average values of 2.0 and 0.8% were obtained
in S. lavandulifolia and S. byzantina, respectively. The highest amount of α-pinene with values
of 6.13 and 9.9%, and the highest amount of β-phellandrene with values 19.2% and 25.1%, were
obtained in S. laxa and S. inflata, respectively. The highest amount of Linalool with values of
9.9 and 3.9% were observed in S. germanica and S. inflata, respectively. Similarly, the highest
amount of caryophyllene with a value of 15.6% was obtained in S. laxa species. The amount of
germacrene-D in S.byzantina, S.laxa, S. lavandulifolia and S.inflata was 33.8%, 4.4%, 3.1% and
2.7%, respectively. In S. lavandulifolia, the main compounds were Bicyclogermacrene (4.6%),
δ-Cadinene (6.5%), Spathulenol (6.8%), δ-Cadinol (3.1%), α-Cadinol (8.7%), respectively. As a
result, due to its wide distribution in Iran, this species is introduced as one of the important
species of Stachys for cultivation and domestication.
