ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻓﯿﺘﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﺗﻮده ﺑﻮﻣﯽ .Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اﯾﺮاﻧﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ذرات اﮐﺴﯿﺪ روي

Investigation of phytochemical and morphological response of a local Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. mass to foliar application of zinc oxide nanoparticles

از آﻧﺠﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ روي، ﯾﮏ راﻫﮑﺎر ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد رﺷﺪ و ﻧﻤﻮ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن و ﺟﺒﺮان ﮐﻤﺒﻮد روي در ﺧﺎك اﺳـﺖ در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ اي ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ذرات اﮐﺴﯿﺪ روي ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪازه 40 ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، ﺻﻤﻎ داﻧﻪ و ﻓﺮاوردهﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺘﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮگ ﺗﻮده ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﮔﻮار )Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L( از اﯾﺮاﻧﺸﻬﺮ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳـﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺻﻤﻎ ﮔﻮار ﺑﻪ روش ﻓﻨﻞ-ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮرﯾﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻨﻞ ﮐﻞ ﺑـﻪ روش ﻣﻌـﺮف ﻓـﻮﻟﯿﻦ -ﺳـﯿﻮﮐﺎﻟﺘﯿﻮ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻼوﻧﻮﺋﯿﺪ ﮐﻞ ﺑﻪ روش رﻧﮓ ﺳﻨﺠﯽ آﻟﻮﻣﯿﻨﯿﻮم ﮐﻠﺮاﯾﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ در در اواﯾـﻞ ﺧﺮدادﻣـﺎه 1397، در ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧـﻪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن و ﺑﻠﻮﭼﺴﺘﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧـﺎﻧﻮ ذرات اﮐﺴـﯿﺪ روي 0 )ﺷـﺎﻫﺪ (، 25، 50، 100، 200، 500 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﺑﺮﮔﯽ در دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ )20 و 27 روز ﭘﺲ از ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ( ﺑﺮ ﮔﯿﺎﻫـﺎن ﮔﻮار اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. از ﻣﯿﺎن ﺻﻔﺎت اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه، ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ذرات، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺪرﯾﺠﯽ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري در ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧـﻪ در ﻏﻼف ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. در ﺣﺎﻟﯽﮐﻪ اﺛﺮ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ذرات ﺑﺮ ﻃﻮل ﻏﻼف و ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﻧﺒﻮد، اﻣﺎ ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ، وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ، وزن ﺧﺸﮏ رﯾﺸﻪ، ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ، ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ روزﻧﻪﻫﺎ، وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﺑﺮگ، وزن 500-داﻧﻪ، وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﻏﻼف، ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ذرات ﺗﺎ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 500 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ذرات اﮐﺴﯿﺪ روي، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر، ﺻﻤﻎ داﻧﻪ، ﻓﻨﻞ ﮐﻞ و ﻓﻼوﻧﻮﺋﯿﺪ ﮐﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 2/55، 2/10 و 1/34 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻧﺸـﺎن دادﻧـﺪ . ﺑــﺮ اﺳـﺎس ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﻬﺒﻮد وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺻﻤﻎ داﻧﻪ، ﻓﻨﻞ و ﻓﻼوﻧﻮﺋﯿﺪ ﺑﺮگ ﮔﯿـﺎه ﮔـﻮار از ﻧـﺎﻧﻮ ذرات اﮐﺴﯿﺪ روي ﺑﺎ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺑﻪﮐﺎر رﻓﺘﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد و ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺻﻤﻎ ﮔﻮار از ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي داروﯾﯽ آن ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮد.

for zinc deficiency in soil, in this study to investigate the nutritional effect of 40 nm zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on morphological characteristics, seed gum and phytochemical products of leaves of a native mass of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L (Gguar plant) from Iranshahr a completely randomized experiment with three replicates was conducted at the University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran in mid-May 2018. Guar gum content, total phenol content and total flavonoid content were determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid, the Folin– Ciocalteu reagent, and colorimetric aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Seed cultivation was carried out in the greenhouse of Sistan and Baluchestan University in early June 2018. The treatments consisted of six different concentrations of ZnO-NPs including 0 (control), 25, 50, 100, 200, and 500 mg L-1 by foliar application of guar plants in two stages (20 and 27 days after sowing seeds). Based on the results, with increasing the concentration of nanoparticles, the number of seeds in pod gradually decreased, but no significant difference was observed in pod length and root length. However, stem length, stem dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area, stomata density, leaf dry weight, 500-seed weight, pod dry weight gradually increased, with the maximum increase observed in the 500 mg L-1 treatment compared to the control. In this treatment, seed gum, total phenol and total flavonoids increased by 2.55, 2.10 and 1.34 times compared to the control treatment, respectively. According to the results, ZnO-NPs nanoparticles with the properties used in this study can be used to improve the growth characteristics and increase the amount of seed gum, phenol and flavonoids of guava leaves and obtain the benefits of their medicinal applications.