ارزيابي مولفه هاي رشد كلزا در شرايط مديريت هاي مختلف بقاياي برنج در شرايط آب و هوايي ايذه

Evaluation of canola growth parameters under different residues management of rice in Izeh weather condition

ﺣﻔﻆ ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ زﻣﯿﻦ و ﮐﺸﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ درون ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺧﻮردﮔﯽ ﺧﺎك ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان روش ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻨﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎ ﺑﺨﺼﻮص در ﮐﺸﺖ ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﻪ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﻔﻆ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺧﺎك و ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت آن ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ1397-98 ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي رﺷﺪي ﮐﻠﺰا اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﭙﻠﯿﺖ ﭘﻼت در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در اراﺿﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﯾﺬه اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺞ در ﭼﻬﺎرﺳﻄﺢ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 1- ﮐﺸﺖ ﻣﺮﺳﻮم و ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻋﺮف ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ )آﺗﺶ زدن ﮐﺎه وﮐﻠﺶ(، 2-ﮐﺸﺖ در زﻣﯿﻦ ﺷﺨﻢ ﺧﻮرده ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ، 3- ﮐﺸﺖ در ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع 20 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ، 4- ﮐﺸﺖ در ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع 40 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ ( و ﻋﺎﻣﻞ دوم ﺳﻪ رﻗﻢ ﮐﻠﺰا )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ رﻗﻢ 4815 ،401و okapi( ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮ ﻧﻮع ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ، ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﮏ ﮐﻞ، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ رﺷﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ رﺷﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ وﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﻮد. اﺛﺮ ﻧﻮع رﻗﻢ در ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺞ و و ﻧﻮع رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار در ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﮑﺸﺖ در زﻣﯿﻦ ﺷﺨﻢ ﺧﻮرده ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺞ و ﮐﺸﺖ ﻣﺮﺳﻮم ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ و از ﻣﯿﺎن ارﻗﺎم ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﻠﺰا، ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار در ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در رﻗﻢ 4815 ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﮐﻠﯽ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﺸﺖ در زﻣﯿﻦ ﺷﺨﻢ ﺧﻮرده ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺸﺖ ﻣﺮﺳﻮم و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺗﺮي دارد و ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي رﺷﺪي ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ رﻗﻢ 4815 ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ رﻗﻢ 401 و okapi ﺑﺮﺗﺮي از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ داﺷﺖ

This experiment was performed to investigate the effect of different rice residue management on growth parameters of canola. This experiment was performed as a split plot experiment in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in the agricultural lands of Izeh city. The studied treatments include rice residue management at four levels (including 1- conventional cultivation (stubble burning), 2- cultivation in plowed land with rice residues, 3- cultivation in rice residues with a height of 20 cm, 4 - cultivation in rice residues with a height of 40 cm) and the second factor was three canola cultivars (including 401, 4815 and okapi). The results showed that the effect of rice residue management on leaf area index, total dry matter, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were significant. The effect of cultivars were significant in all measurement traits. There was no significant difference interaction between rice residue management and cultivar type on all studied traits. The maximum and minimum values in the studied traits were observed in cultivation management in cultivation in plowed land with rice residues and conventional cultivation, respectively and among different canola cultivars, the maximum and minimum values in the traits were observed in cultivar 4815 . In general, the results of the experiment showed that the cultivation in plowed land with rice residues is superior to conventional cultivation and other managements and leads to the improvement of growth parameters. Also, 4815 cultivar is superior to 401 and okapi cultivars.