ارزيابي كيفي آبهاي زيرزميني اطراف دزفول بر اساس پارامترهاي طبيعي لايه هاي زمين (EC, DO, TH, PH)

Evaluation of groundwater water quality based on natural parameters of land layers (EC, DO, TH, PH) case study: Dezful plain(IRAN)

ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ و در دﺳـﺘﺮس ﻧﺒﻮدن ﻫﻤﯿﺸـﮕﯽ آبﻫﺎي ﺳـﻄﺤﯽ و رودﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﺼـﻠﯽ در ﮐﻞ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﺳـﺎل اﻫﻤﯿﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آبﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ روزﺑﻪ روز اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﺪ. از ﺳــﻮي دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد ﮔﺴــﺘﺮش آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﺑﯽ اﻋﻢ از آبﻫﺎي ﺳــﻄﺤﯽ و زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺿــﻼبﻫﺎي ﺻـﻨﻌﺘﯽ و ﺷـﻬﺮي و ﻧﯿﺰ آﻟﻮده ﺷـﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺳـﻤﻮم دﻓﻊ آﻓﺎت ﮐﺸـﺎورزي ، دﺳـﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ آب ﺑﻬﺪاﺷـﺘﯽ را ﻣﺸـﮑﻞ و ﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﻣﯽﺳـﺎزد. ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻻﯾﻪﻫﺎي زﻣﯿﻦ ﺷـﻨﺎﺳـﯽ را ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آبﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﺸـﺨﺺ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺴـﺘﻌﺪ ﺑﻪ آﻟﻮدﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر در اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ و ﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺐ از آب در ﻣﺼـﺎرف ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﺷـﺎﺧﺺ WQI و ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ArcGIS)اﺑﺰار ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ( ﻣﺎ را از ﺻـﺮف ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺳـﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﺣﻔﺮ ﭼﺎه و اﺳـﺘﺤﺼـﺎل آب ﺑﯽﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ و زﻣﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸـﮑﻼت آﻻﯾﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﯽﻧﯿﺎز ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ روﻧﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﮐﯿﻔﯽ آﺑﺨﻮان ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺳــﯿﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و ﻋﻤﻠﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ آبﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ در ﻣﺴــﯿﺮ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺳـﺘﻌﺪاد اراﺿـﯽ ﮐﺸـﺎورزي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ دزﻓﻮل و اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﻏﯿﺮ اﺻـﻮﻟﯽ از ﮐﻮدﻫﺎ و ﺳـﻤﻮم دﻓﻊ آﻓﺎت ﮐﺸـﺎورزي در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ آﺑﺨﻮان ، ﺿـﺮورت اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻗﻮت ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮد. در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺳـﻌﯽ ﺷـﺪه در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻻﯾﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﻣﺮﻏﻮب زﻣﯿﻦﺷـﻨﺎﺳـﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺷـﻨﺎﺳـﺎﯾﯽ ﺷـﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺷـﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮ اﺳـﺎس راﺑﻄﻪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷـﺪه از 20-76 ﺑﺮاي ﭼﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ در ﻧﻮﺳـﺎن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﮐﻪ 6% ﭼﺎهﻫﺎ در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺑﺪ ،19 % در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻧﺴـﺒﺘﺎً ﺑﺪ ،19 % در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﺘﻮﺳـﻂ ،50 % در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻧﺴـﺒﺘﺎً ﺧﻮب و 6% در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺧﻮب ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ.

Due to the pollution and the constant unavailability of surface water and seasonal rivers at all times of the year, the importance of using groundwater resources increases daily. On the other hand, pollution of water surface and groundwater resources to industrial and municipal wastewaters, as well as contamination with pesticides, making access to sanitary water difficult and sometimes impossible. Water quality in different areas determines the effect of geological layers on groundwater quality. Therefore, identifying areas prone to pollution using WQI index and ArcGIS software (spatial analysis tool) will save us from spending heavy costs of drilling wells and extracting poor quality water.Also, studying the trend of aquifer quality changes can help to explain the practical policies for groundwater management in the direction of sustainable operation. Therefore, due to the potential of agricultural lands in Dezful region and unprincipled use of fertilizers and pesticides in the area of aquifer nutrition, the need of research is growing.In this paper, areas with poor geological layers are identified using the WQI software. The results showed that the index rate fluctuates based on the relationship between 20-76 for wells in the study area, also 6% of wells in the bad range, 19% in the relatively bad range, and 19% On average range, 50% are in the relatively good range and 6% are in the good range