بررسي تغذيه محتويات شكمبه گاو و گوسفند بر عملكرد رشد، صفات كمي و كيفي لاشه و برخي فراسنجه‌هاي خوني بره‌هاي پرواري دالاق

Investigation of nutrition rumen digesta of cattle and sheep on growth performance, carcass quantitative and qualitative traits and some blood parameters ‌of Dalagh fattening lambs

سابقه و هدف: محتويات شكمبه، مواد خوراكي مصرف شده توسط حيوان قبل از كشتار مي‌باشد كه تقريباً به واسطه عمل نشخوار و قرارگرفتن در معرض آنزيم‌هاي مختلف و تك ياخته‌هاي موجود در شكمبه عمل‌آوري شده و يك خوراك كامل و آماده هضم مي‌باشد كه در صورت عمل آوري مجدداً قابل تغذيه حيوانات نشخواركننده مي‌باشد. استفاده از بقاياي گوارشي دام‌هاي كشتاري مي‌تواند يك جايگزين ارزان، با ارزش تغذيه‌اي و هميشه در دسترس براي جايگزيني بخشي از جيره و جلوگيري از آلودگي محيط زيست و جلوگيري از اتلاف ارزش غذايي هضم و جذب نشده آن باشد. بنابراين، هدف از انجام اين تحقيق، قابليت جايگزيني محتويات شكمبه گاو و گوسفند به عنوان يك خوراك جايگزين در جيره مصرفي بر عملكرد رشد، صفات كمي و كيفي لاشه و برخي فراسنجه هاي خوني بره‌هاي پرواري دالاق بود. مواد و روش‌ها: در اين آزمايش از تعداد 24 رأس بره نر نژاد دالاق با ميانگين سن 5/4 ماه و ميانگين وزن 2±27 كيلو گرم به مدت 90 روز مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. آزمايش در قالب يك طرح كاملاً تصادفي با 6 تيمار و 4 تكرار انجام شد. تيمارهاي آزمايشي شامل؛ 1) شاهد، بدون محتويات شكمبه گاو و گوسفند، 2) 15 درصد محتويات شكمبه گاو، 3) 30 درصد محتويات شكمبه گاو، 4) 15 درصد محتويات گوسفند، 5) 30 درصد محتويات گوسفند و 6) 15 درصد محتويات شكمبه گاو و 15 درصد محتويات گوسفند بودند.ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: در اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ از ﺗﻌﺪاد 24 رأس ﺑﺮه ﻧﺮ ﻧﮋاد داﻻق ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻦ 4/5 ﻣﺎه و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ وزن 27±2 ﮐﯿﻠـﻮ ﮔـﺮم ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺪت 90 روز ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﯾﮏ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ 6 ﺗﯿﻤـﺎر و 4 ﺗﮑـﺮار اﻧﺠـﺎم ﺷـﺪ . ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫـﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ؛ 1( ﺷﺎﻫﺪ، ﺑﺪون ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﺷﮑﻤﺒﻪ ﮔﺎو و ﮔﻮﺳﻔﻨﺪ، 2( 15 درﺻﺪ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﺷﮑﻤﺒﻪ ﮔﺎو، 3( 30 درﺻـﺪ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾـﺎت ﺷﮑﻤﺒﻪ ﮔﺎو، 4( 15 درﺻﺪ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﮔﻮﺳﻔﻨﺪ، 5( 30 درﺻﺪ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﮔﻮﺳﻔﻨﺪ و 6( 15 درﺻﺪ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﺷﮑﻤﺒﻪ ﮔﺎو و 15 درﺻﺪ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﮔﻮﺳﻔﻨﺪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ.ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﺷﺪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در وزن ﭘﺎﯾﺎن ﭘﺮوار، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ وزن روزاﻧﻪ و ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸـﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ )0/05

Background and objectives: Ruminal contents are the nutrients consumed by the animal prior to slaughter, which is processed almost exclusively by rumination and exposure to the various enzymes and protozoa present in the rumen and a complete, ready-to-digest feed. It can be re-fed to ruminant animals when it is processed. The use of digestive remains of slaughter cattle can be a cheap, nutritious, and always available alternative to concentrate replacement. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of replacing rumen contents of cattle and sheep as an alternative feed on growth performance, carcass quantitative and qualitative traits and some blood parameters‌ of Dalagh fattening lambs. Materials and methods: To do this study 24 Dalagh fattening male lambs were investigated at the age of 4.5 months with a mean live weight (27 ± 2.0 kg) to 6 treatments and 4 lambs (replication) in individual cages for 90 days. Experimental treatments consisted of: 1) control treatment, without rumen contents of cattle and sheep, 2) treatment 15% rumen contents of cattle, 3) treatment 30% rumen contents of cattle, 4) treatment 15% of sheep contents, 5) treatment 30% of sheep contents, and 6) treatments containing 15% of rumen contents of cattle and 15% of sheep contents. Results: The results of growth performance showed that there was a significant difference between the treatments at the end weight of feed, daily gain and FCR (P <0.05). The highest daily weight gain and final feed weight as well as the improving feed conversion ratio were observed in the treatments 30% rumen content of sheep.The results of body biometric showed that body length was significantly higher in the treatments 30% rumen content of sheep than control treatment (P <0.05). The results of quantitative carcass traits showed that treatment 30% rumen content of sheep in hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, crustacean were significantly higher than control treatment (P <0.05). The results of some blood parameters of day 90 showed that there was a significant difference in the concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, BUN and total protein between the experimental treatments (P <0.05). So, in the treatment 30% of rumen contents of sheep the concentration of the desired parameters were higher. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the use of rumen dried contents in fattening lamb diets was effective in improving growth performance especially live weight gain, FCR and carcass traits. Consumption of dried rumen contents of sheep also had a significant effect on some blood parameters of experimental lambs. Also, 30% of rumen contents of sheep had better performance than other levels.