مقايسه خصوصيات ريخت سنجي و شمارشي ماهي سفيد خزري، (Kamensky, 1901) Rutilus kutum در مناطق مختلف حوضه جنوبي درياي خزر

Comparison of morphometric and meristic characteristics of Caspian Kutum, Rutilus kutum (Kamensky, 1901) in the south Caspian Sea Basin

در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت رﻳﺨﺖﺳﻨﺠﻲ و ﺷﻤﺎرﺷﻲ 349 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ درﻳﺎي ﺧﺰر، )Rutilus (Kamensky, 1901 kutum ﺻﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه از رودﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﭼﻠﻮﻧﺪ، ﺧﺎﻟﻪﺳﺮا، ﺳﻔﻴﺪرود، ﺧﺸﻚرود، ﺷﻴﺮود، ﺗﺎﻻباﻧﺰﻟﻲ و ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﭼﺎﻟﻮس و ﺑﻨﺪر ﺗﺮﻛﻤﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﭘﺲ از ﺻﻴﺪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺗﺎزه ﺑﻪ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد 36 ﺻﻔﺖ رﻳﺨﺖﺳﻨﺠﻲ و ﻧﻪ ﺻﻔﺖ ﺷﻤﺎرﺷﻲ آنﻫﺎ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰﻫﺎي وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﻳﻚﻃﺮﻓﻪ )One-Way ANOVA(، ﮔﺮوهﺑﻨﺪي داﻧﻜﻦ،ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ )CVA( و آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي )CA( ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در 28 ﺻﻔﺖ رﻳﺨﺖﺳﻨﺠﻲ و دو ﺻﻔﺖ ﺷﻤﺎرﺷﻲ داراي ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ )P<0/05(. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ را ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪودي از ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻛﺮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي، ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﭼﺎﻟﻮس را ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ در ﻳﻚ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ و ﺟﺪا از ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﻗﺮارداد. در ﻛﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺻﻔﺎت رﻳﺨﺖﺳﻨﺠﻲ در ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ از ﺻﻔﺎت ﺷﻤﺎرﺷﻲ ﺑﻮد.

In the present study, the morphometric and meristic characteristics of 363 specimens of Rutilus kutum (Kamensky, 1901) collected from the Chelvand, Khalehsara, Sefid, Khoshk, Shir rivers and Anzali wetland, Chalous and Torkeman shores in the south Caspian Sea Basin were compared. All caught specimens were freshly transferred to the laboratory. In the Lab some 36 morphometric and nine meristic characters were measured and recorded. After standardization all data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA, Duncan test, Canonical variate Analysis (CVA) and Cluster Analysis (CA). The results showed significant differences in 30 morphometric and two meristic traits between the studied populations (p < 0.05). The CVA was able to separate the studied populations and CA placed the Chalous populaion in a cluster separately from the others. Generally, the performance of the morphometric traits was superior to meristics in discrimination populations