تحليل شاخص‌هاي پياده‌مداري در بخش مركزي شهرها (مورد مطالعه: پياده‌راه صف (سپهسالار) و خيابان سي تير شهر تهران)

Analysis of pedestrian in the central district of cities: The study of the Saf (Sepahsalar) pedestrian and Si-Tir Street in Tehran

ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﭘﯿﺎده ﭘﺎﺳﺨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﯿﺎز ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻟﯽ اﻧﺴﺎن در ﺷﻬﺮ اﺳﺖ. در دﻫﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ، اﯾﺪة ﭘﯿـﺎده راه ﺳـﺎزي و ﺳـﭙﺲ اﯾﺪة ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﻣﺪاري در راﺳﺘﺎي زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮﮐﺮدن ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ و ﮐﻤﮏ ﺑـﻪ ﺑﻬﺒـﻮد ﮐﯿﻔﯿـﺖ ﻓﻀـﺎﻫﺎي ﺷـﻬﺮي ﻣﻄﺮح ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. درواﻗﻊ اﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﻫﺎ اﯾﺪه اي ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺮﺷﺪن ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ، اﺣﯿﺎي ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ و ﺳﺮزﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺑـﻮد ه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺎده ﻣﺪاري در ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﺻﻒ )ﺳﭙﻬﺴﺎﻻر( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﮥ ﻋﯿﻨﯽ ﭘﯿـﺎده راه ﺷﻬﺮي و ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮي از اﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺧﯿﺎﺑﺎن ﺳﯽ ﺗﯿﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﺷﺒﻪﭘﯿﺎده راﻫﯽ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان دارد. ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر از ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻣﺒﻠﻤﺎن ﺷﻬﺮي، زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺷﺒﺎﻧﻪ، اﻣﻨﯿﺖ، ﺗﻨﻮع، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي، زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻣﻘﯿﺎس اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﺳﻨﺠﺶ دو ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻧﺎﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﯾﮏ ﺑﻮدن داده ﻫﺎ، ﺑـﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴـﮥ ﺗﻔﺎوت ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﭘﯿﺎده ﻣﺪاري از آزﻣﻮن ﮐﻮﻟﻤﻮﮔﺮوف-اﺳﻤﯿﺮﻧﻮف دوﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اي، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺑـﺮا ي دو ﮔﺮوه زﻧﺎن و ﻣﺮدان از آزﻣﻮن ﻧﺎﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﯾﮏ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اي دو ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ و ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺳـﻨ ﯽ در اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻦ دو ﻓﻀﺎ از آزﻣﻮن ﮐﺮوﮐﺴﺎل واﻟﯿﺲ ﺑﻬـﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ ﺷـﺪ. درﻧﻬﺎ ﯾـﺖ ﺑـﺮاي ﺳـﻨﺠﺶ ﻣ ﯿـﺰان رﺿـﺎ ﯾﺖ از وﺿـﻌ ﯿﺖ ﭘﯿﺎده ﻣﺪاري، از رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺒﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿـﻖ ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﻣﯿـﺰان رﺿـﺎﯾﺖ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﻨﻨـﺪﮔﺎن از ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در ﺧﯿﺎﺑﺎن ﺳﯽ ﺗﯿﺮ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﺻﻒ اﺳـﺖ . ﻫﻤﭽﻨـ ﯿﻦ رﺿـﺎ ﯾﺖ ﻣـﺮدان از وﺿـﻌ ﯿﺖ ﭘﯿﺎده ﻣﺪاري در ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﺻﻒ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از زﻧﺎن اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺧﯿﺎﺑﺎن ﺳﯽ ﺗﯿﺮ، ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨـ ﯽ داري ﺑـ ﯿﻦ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﻤﯽ ﺷﻮد. وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﭘﯿﺎده ﻣﺪاري ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﯽ در ﻫﺮ دو ﻓﻀﺎي ﻣﻮرداﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻧﻤﯽ دﻫﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮرﮐﻠﯽ در رﺿﺎﯾﺖ از ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺎده ﻣﺪاري در ﺧﯿﺎﺑـﺎن ﺳـﯽ ﺗﯿـﺮ، ﺑـﺎ وﺟـﻮد ﻣﺎﻫ ﯿـﺖ ﺷـﺒﻪ ﭘﯿﺎده راﻫﯽ از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﮥ اﺟﺮاﺷﺪه ﯾﻌﻨﯽ ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﺻﻒ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ زﯾﺎدي ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﻋﻤـﻞ ﮐـﺮده اﺳـﺖ. ﺧﯿﺎﺑـﺎن ﺳـ ﯽ ﺗﯿـﺮ از ﺑـ ﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻓﻘﻂ در ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ دﭼﺎر ﺿﻌﻒ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از دﻻﯾﻞ آن، ﻋﺒﻮر ﺧـﻮردرو از داﺧـﻞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﯿﺎده راه اﺳﺖ و در ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺮدد ﻧﮑﺮدن وﺳﺎﯾﻞ ﻧﻘﻠﯿﻪ، ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﯾﺠﺎد ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﯽ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺮﮐـﺰ ي ﺗﻬـﺮان را ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ. درﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﺻﻒ در ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺷﺒﺎﻧﻪ، ﻣﺒﻠﻤﺎن ﺷـﻬﺮ ي، ﺗﻨـﻮع و ز ﯾﺒـﺎﯾﯽ ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ دﭼﺎر ﺿﻌﻒ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺗﺠﺎري ﺑﻮدن ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي آن، وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي آن رو ﺑﻪ رﮐﻮد اﺳﺖ.

Urban spaces on ware a response to the transcendent human need in the city. In recent decades, the idea of pedestrian orientation has been proposed in order to make cities viable and help improve the quality of urban spaces. These movements were an idea to make cities more humane, revitalize the centers and revitalize the city. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pedestrian characteristics in the Saf (Sepahsalar) as an objective example of an urban pedestrian with 30Tir Street, which has a quasi-pedestrian nature in the central district of Tehran. Two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to compare the difference in satisfaction with the pedestrian status. Other methods include non-parametric comparison of two independent groups and Croxall-Wallis test. Sequential regression was used to measure the satisfaction of pedestrian status. The results showed that the level of citizens' satisfaction with the studied indicators on the 30 Tir is higher than the Saf pedestrian. Men were also more satisfied with pedestrian status than women. However, no significant difference was observed for the gender group on the 30 Tir . Pedestrian status for age groups in both cases did not show a significant difference. The results showed that among the studied variables the 30Tir is weak only in the human scale variable, which is due to the car crossing this pedestrian. While Saf pedestrian is weak in variables such as nightlife, urban furniture, diversity and aesthetics, and due to the commercial nature of its use, its economic situation is declining.