ويژگي‌هاي روانسنجي مقياس توجه مشروط والدين در دانش‌آموزان شهرستان يزد

Psychometric Properties of Parental Conditional Regard Scale in Students of Yazd City

ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوط واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﯾﮏ راﻫﺒﺮد ﻣﻬﻢ و ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار در ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺖ ﻓﺮزﻧﺪان اﺳﺖ در اﯾﻦ راﻫﺒﺮد واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﻋﺸﻖ و ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﻮد را ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮة رﻓﺘﺎري ﻓﺮزﻧﺪان واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﻪ در ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوط ﻣﺜﺒﺖ واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﺣﺪ از رﻓﺘﺎر ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ ﻗﺪرداﻧﯽ ﮐﺮده و در ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوط ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ و ﻋﺸﻖ ﺧﻮد را از ﻓﺮزﻧﺪان درﯾﻎ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ رواﺳﺎزي ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوط ﻣﺎدر در داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﯾﺰد ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان دوره اول دﺑﯿﺮﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﯾﺰد در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 98-99 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺷﺮﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن 321 ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ و ﭘﺴﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ )152 دﺧﺘﺮ و 169 ﭘﺴﺮ( ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻫﻤﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوط ﻣﺎدر و ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﻃﺮد و ﭘﺬﯾﺮش واﻟﺪﯾﻦ را ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪي و ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺳﺆال ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻞ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي روانﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوط ﻣﺎدر اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوط از ﭼﻬﺎر ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوط و ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوط و ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوط و ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ و ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوط و ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ اﺷﺒﺎع ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺿﺮاﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎم ﺧﺮده ﻣﻘﯿﺎسﻫﺎ و ﮐﻞ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس در ﻫﺮ دو ﺟﻨﺲ و ﮐﻞ ﺷﺮﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن از ﻧﻈﺮ روانﺳﻨﺠﯽ، ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﻮده و داﻣﻨﮥ اﮐﺜﺮ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽﻫﺎي ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﺎدهﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از ﺑﺮازش ﻣﻄﻠﻮب دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﺪل ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻪﻋﻼوه، اﻟﮕﻮي ﺿﺮاﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺧﺮده ﻣﻘﯿﺎسﻫﺎ و رواﯾﯽ ﻣﻼﮐﯽ ﻫﻢزﻣﺎن ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ، ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﻃﺮد و ﭘﺬﯾﺮش واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ رواﯾﯽ ﺧﻮب اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺑﻮد. در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوط ﻣﺎدر در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان از وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي روانﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ و ﻣﯽﺗﻮان آن را ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان اﺑﺰاري ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮد.

Conditional parental regard is an important and effective strategy in raising children. In this strategy, parents depend their love and regard on their children's behavior in such a way that in positive conditional regard, parents appreciate the child's behavior too much and in conditional regard Negatively deprive their children of attention and love. The aim of this study was to validate the mother conditional regard scale in students of Yazd city. The study population was all middle school students in Yazd city in the academic year of 1398-99. Participants were 321 male and female students who were selected by cluster random sampling. They all completed the Mother Conditional regard Scale and the Parental Exclusion and Acceptance Scale. Validity analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and correlation of the total score question were performed to examine the psychometric properties of the mother conditional regard scale. Findings showed that the conditional regard scale is saturated with four factors: conditional and positive academic regard, conditional and negative academic regard, conditional and positive emotional regard, and conditional and negative emotional regard. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were desirable for all subscales and the whole scale in both sexes and all participants in terms of psychometrics, and the range of most correlations of the material set was desirable. The results of factor analysis indicated good data-model fit. In addition, the pattern of correlation coefficients between the subscales and the simultaneous validity of the questionnaire with the Exclusion and Parental Acceptance Scale showed good validity of this scale. As a result, the Persian version of the Maternal Conditional regard Questionnaire in the student community has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used as a valid tool in psychological research.