مقايسه خودكارآمدي و تعهد شغلي معلمان داراي تدريس در حوزه تخصصي و غيرتخصصي در مقطع ابتدايي ناحيه يك آموزش و پرورش شهرستان سنندج

Comparison of Self-Efficacy and Job Commitment between teachers with Teaching "in the field" and Teaching out-of-field" teachers in elementary school district of Sanandaj City education

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴـﻪ ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣـﺪي و ﺗﻌﻬـﺪ ﺷـﻐﻠﯽ ﻣﻌﻠﻤـﺎن داراي ﺗـﺪرﯾﺲ در ﺣـﻮزه ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ در ﻣﻘﻄﻊ اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ ﯾﮏ آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺳـﻨﻨﺪج ﺑـﻮد. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪاي اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪي آﻣـﺎري ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ 1102 ﻧﻔـﺮ )810 ﻧﻔـﺮ زن و 292 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﺮد( از ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﻣﻘﻄﻊ اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﻨﻨﺪج ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 96-97 ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. از اﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد 95 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﻣﻘﻄﻊ اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﺣـﻮزهي ﻏﯿﺮﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽِ ﺧﻮد، ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﻤﺎمﺷﻤﺎري و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ 262 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﻌﻠﻤـﺎن ﮐـﻪ داراي ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ در ﺣﻮزه ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ ﺧﻮد ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿـﺮي ﺗﺼـﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳـﺎده اﻧﺘﺨـﺎب ﺷـﺪﻧﺪ. از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﺗﺸﺎﻧﻦ- ﻣﻮران و ووﻟﻔﻮﻟﮏ ﻫـﻮي )2001( و ﺗﻌﻬـﺪ ﺷـﻐﻠﯽ ﺑـﻼو )2009(، ﺟﻬﺖ ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ دادهﻫـﺎ، از آزﻣـﻮن t دو ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪيِ ﻣﻌﻠﻤـﺎنِ داراي ﺗـﺪرﯾﺲ در ﺣﻮزه ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ و ﺧﺎرج از ﺣﻮزه ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ، ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﯿﻦ ﺗﻌﻬـﺪ ﺷـﻐﻠﯽِ ﻣﻌﻠﻤـﺎنِ داراي ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ در ﺣﻮزه ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ و ﺧﺎرج از ﺣﻮزه ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ، ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري دارد.

The purpose of this study was to compare self-efficacy and job commitment among teachers with teaching "in the field" and teaching "out-of-field" teachers in elementary school district of Sanandaj city education. The research method is descriptive-comparative. The population included 1102 people (810 females and 292 males) from elementary school teachers in a district of Sanandaj city who were engaged in the academic year of 2017-2018. Of these, 95 non-specialized elementary teachers were selected through a simple random sampling method using a total of 262 teachers who only had specialized teaching. Tschannen-Moran and Woolfolk Hoy standard self-efficacy questionnaires (2001) and Blau job commitment (2009) were used to collect data. Also, for data analysis, independent t-test was used. The results show that there is a significant difference between the self-efficacy of teachers who teaching out-of-field and teaching in the field. There is also a significant difference between the job commitment of teachers who teaching out-of-field and teaching in the field.