بازتاب وضعيت بهداشت و پزشكي اﯾﺮان در اﺳﻨﺎد آرﺷﯿﻮي ( 1285- 1320ش)

Reflection of Iran's health and medical status in archival documents (1925-1941)

با پيروزي نهضت مشروطه دولتمردان ايران به ترويج دستاوردهاي مدرن غربي توجه كردند. اين تاسي جستن در زمينه علوم پزشكي نيز اعم از استفاده از داروهاي جديد، رعايت بهداشت و ارتقاي سلامت عمومي مورد توجه حكومت قاجار و اقشار تحصيل كرده بود. پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از روش تحليلي و توصيفي درصدد تبيين بازتاب تحول تاريخي گفتمان پزشكي سنتي به مدرن در سال هاي 1285 تا 1320ش است و سعي مي كند اقدامات حكومت در اين زمينه و مذاكرات ايران و دول خارجي در باره راه هاي كنترل شيوع بيماري ها را با تكيه بر اسناد موجود ارزيابي كند. به طور كلي هدف اين پژوهش بررسي تحول پزشكي سنتي به مدرن و كاستي هاي اين تحول به دليل عدم تلفيق دو گفتمان و اهميت تاريخي حفظ سلامت جوامع است كه خود مي تواند نشانه ترقي هر جامعه اي باشد. در اين دوران عرصه گفتمان پزشكي مدرن با تكيه بر جايگاه بيماري و بدن به اوج خود رسيد، اما وجود آمرانگي در تحقق اين علم و كنارگذاشتن طب سنتي عواقبي به دنبال داشت كه در دوره هاي بعدي نمود پيدا كرد.

With the victory of the constitutional movement, the new government in Iran attends to the promotion of modern Western achievements. This establishment in the field of medical sciences, including the use of new drugs, health care and promotion of public health, was considered by the Qajar government and the educated. The present study uses analytical and descriptive methods to explain the reflection of the historical evolution of traditional to modern medical discourse in the constitutional and Pahlavi period and tries to rely on reports of government actions in this field and negotiations between Iran and foreign countries on ways. Evaluate the control of the spread of diseases from the point of view of the obtained documents. Since important treasury documents contain all kinds of useful information, including in the field of medicine and public health, this study relies on documents to consider the hidden angles of this historical development from the perspective of this important source. Examining the documents can provide information on how to address public health, identify and treat diseases. In general, the purpose of this study is to investigate the evolution of traditional medicine to modern medicine and the shortcomings of this measure, due to the lack of integration of the two discourses and the importance of maintaining the health of societies throughout history, which shows the progress of each society. But as a result of this development, due to the incompatibility between the traditional and modern discourses in this science, it led to the weakness of one and the prosperity of the other. The discourse of modern medical science reached its peak with the reliance on the status of disease and the body, but the existence of austerity in the realization of this science and the abandonment of traditional medicine had consequences that manifested themselves in later periods.