تعيين تبخير و تعرق پتانسيل در استان اصفهان با استفاده از روش هاي پهنه بندي GIS و تحليل خوشه اي

Determining the potential evapotranspiration in Isfahan province using GIS zoning and cluster analysis

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ و ﺗﻌﺮق ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮآورد آب ﻣﺼﺮﻓﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي آﺑﯿﺎري ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮد. ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ دﻗﯿﻖ ﻧﯿﺎز آﺑﯽ در ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب و ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي آﺑﯿﺎري و زﻫﮑﺸﯽ، ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ دارد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺳﻌﯽ در ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﭘﻬﻨﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ و ﺗﻌﺮق ﻣﺮﺟﻊ در اﺳﺘﺎن اﺻﻔﻬﺎن و اراﺋﻪ آن در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﻬﻨﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﺑﺰار اﺳﺎﺳﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ آب دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻫﻤﮕﻦ در اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎن از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ و ﺗﻌﺮق ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ و ﺗﻌﺮق ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﻦ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ و ﺗﻌﺮق ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار Ref-ETﺑﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﭘﻬﻨﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ و ﺗﻌﺮق ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ و ﺗﻌﺮق ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار GISو ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ و ﺗﻌﺮق ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار Ref-ET ﻫﻢﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ) 0/86=R2( وﺟﻮد دارد. ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﺎن اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﺳﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﻦ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ داده ﺷﺪ و ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻫﻤﮕﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ و ﺗﻌﺮق را ﺑﺮآورد ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ.

Evapotranspiration of plant is one of the most important parameter which is used for estimating consumed water and irrigation planning. Accurate determination of water demand plays an important role in the economic management of water resources, planning and determining capacity of irrigation and drainage networks and simulating plant products. The present study attempted to investigate and optimize Evapotranspiration of reference crop in Isfahan province and provide it in form of GIS zoning as a major tool for water management. In additions, homogenous areas of this province were identified in terms of Evapotranspiration and some equations were presented for computing Evapotranspiration for each homogenous area. Results of computing Evapotranspiration from software Ref-ET and results of GIS zoning evapotranspiration have shown that there is a good correlation between Evapotranspiration computed by software GIS Evapotranspiration computed by software Ref-ET (R2=0.86%). In Isfahan, 3 homogenous areas were identified by the using cluster analysis method and given equations for homogenous area estimate amount of evapotranspiration with a high correlation