پديد آورندگان :
ﻧﻌﻤﺖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ، ﺗﻮاﻧﺎ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه رازي - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم و ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - گروه ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ و ژﻧﺘﯿﮏ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ، ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه، اﯾﺮان , ﺟﻼﻟﯽﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ، ﺳﻌﯿﺪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه رازي - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم و ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - گروه ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ و ژﻧﺘﯿﮏ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ، ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه، اﯾﺮان , ﻗﺒﺎدي، ﻣﺤﻤﺪاﻗﺒﺎل داﻧﺸﮕﺎه رازي - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم و ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - گروه ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ و ژﻧﺘﯿﮏ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ، ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه، اﯾﺮان , رﺳﺎﯾﯽ، ﻋﻠﯽ موسسه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي دﯾﻢ ﮐﺸﻮر - ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - ﻣﻌﺎوﻧﺖ ﺳﺮارود، ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه، اﯾﺮان
كليدواژه :
آﺑﯿﺎري ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ , ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢﮐﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ , ﺻﻔﺎت ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ , ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي , ﻧﺨﻮدﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ
چكيده فارسي :
به منظور بررسي تاثير آبياري تكميلي در مراحل مختلف رشد و نمو نخود فرنگي (گلدهي، غلاف دهي، گلدهي + غلاف دهي) به همراه شرايط ديم (شاهد) و كاربرد خارجي هورمون هاي مختلف رشد شامل اكسين (IAA)، جيبرليك اسيد (GA3) و سيتوكينين (6-BAP) به همراه آب مقطر (شاهد)، آزمايشي به صورتاﺳﭙﻠﯿﺖﭘﻼت ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪي ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ ﭘﺮدﯾﺲ ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه رازي در ﺳﺎل 1394-95 اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، اﺟﺮاي آﺑﯿﺎري ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ در دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ و ﻏﻼفدﻫﯽ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻫﻮرﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺘﻮﮐﯿﻨﯿﻦ و اﮐﺴﯿﻦ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ )15100 ،7835 ،8910 و 14381 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺳﯿﺘﻮﮐﯿﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﻓﺘﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻓﺘﻮﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ II، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ زﻧﺪهﻣﺎﻧﯽ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﻗﻨﺪ و ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل و ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﻧﺴﺒﯽ آب ﺑﺮگ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم آﺑﯿﺎري ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻫﻮرﻣﻮنﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﺑﻪوﯾﮋه ﺳﯿﺘﻮﮐﯿﻨﯿﻦ و اﮐﺴﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﺷﺪن ﻧﺨﻮدﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ در ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺣﺴﺎس ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ و ﻏﻼفدﻫﯽ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي آن ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
In crop ecosystems, legumes provide a large portion of the nitrogen required by later crops due to their ability to stabilize atmospheric nitrogen by symbiosis with bacteria. Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) is a plant that is very diverse and rich in nutrients. In areas where cereals are grown rainfed, it is a good plant to alternate with cereals. In the semi-arid regions, supplemental irrigation is one of the effective methods in compensating for soil moisture deficit and increasing water use efficiency and preventing yield fluctuations and achieving sustainable production. Since pea is a plant that has a short growth period and is harvested green and fresh, so in semi-arid regions, it can be harvested economic yield by application of supplemental irrigation during the critical stage of its growth.
2. Materials and Methods: In order to investigate the effect of supplemental irrigation at flowering, podding, flowering+ podding and rainfed as check and exogenous application of different hormones (3-indoleacetic acid [IAA], gibberellic acid [GA3], 6-benzylaminopurine [6-BAP] and distilled water as control), an experiment was conducted as splitplot-factorial based on randomized complete block design (RB) at Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran in 2016.
3. Results and Discussion: The results showed that the interaction of supplemental irrigation and hormone was significant on green pod yield, biological yield, 100-grains weight, harvest index. The number of pods per plant and grains per pod were influenced by the effects of supplemental irrigation and hormones. The use of supplemental irrigation at two stages (flowering and podding) and the application of hormones (6-BAP and IAA) with values of 8910, 7835, 15100 and 14381 kg ha-1 led to produce the highest grain yield and biological yield, respectively. Exogenous application of 6-BAP increased the Fv/Fm (photochemical efficiency of photosystem II), performance index, soluble sugar, soluble protein and leaf relative water content.
4. Conclusion: In general, the supplemental irrigation and exogenous application of growth hormones particularly IAA and 6-BAP, can be suitable to prevent exposure of pea to drought stress during critical stages of flowering and podding and thus increases its economic yield.
