گفتمان «بردباري و شكيبايي»، «دگرانديش‌پذيري» و مولفۀ رفتاري «سكوت» در ارتباط با فرهنگ ديگري (بر مبناي منابع زبان‌شناسي روسي و فارسي)

The Discourse of "Patience & Tolerance" and the Behavioral Component of "Silence" in Relation to Another Culture (Based on Russian and Persian Linguistic Sources)

اﻣﺮوزه در زﺑﺎنﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﻌﺎﺷﺮت ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﯾﻨﯽ از رﻓﺘﺎر ﮐﻼﻣﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮﮐﻼﻣﯽ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺻﺒﻮري و ﺗﺎب آوردن در ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪﯾﺸﮥ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت و ﺳﺨﻦ ﻧـﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮب / ﻧﺎﺧﻮ ﺷـ ﺎﯾﻨﺪه ﮔﻮﯾﻨـﺪه ﺑـﺮ اي ﺷﻨﻮﻧﺪه از آن ﺷﻤﺎر اﺳﺖ. زﺑﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن روس، ﺻﺒﻮري و ﺗﺎب و ﺗﺤﻤـﻞ آوردن را ﯾﮑـ ﯽ داﻧﺴـﺘﻪ اﻧـ ﺪ، درﺣﺎﻟﯽﮐﻪ در ﺻﺒﻮري، ﭘﯽ ﻣﺎﯾﮥ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯾﯽ و در ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﭘﯽ ﻣﺎﯾﮥ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﻧﻬﻔﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﺻﺒﻮري و ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﻮردﺗﻮﺟﻪ زﺑﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺧﻼﻗﯽ و ﻣـﺬﻫﺒ ﯽ اﯾـ ﻦ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﻣﻮردﺗﻮﺟﻪ اﯾﺮاﻧﯿﺎن ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺴﺌﻠﮥ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ آراﻣﺶ در ﻣﻌﺎﺷﺮت ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻏﯿﺮ داﺷﺖ؟ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻫﻢ در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﯿﺎن ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و ﻫﻢ در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﯿﻦ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت و ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن ﻣﻄﺮح اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ راه ﮐﺎرﻫﺎي دوري ﺟﺴﺘﻦ از ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﯽ ﻣﻌﺎﺷﺮت اﺳﺖ. اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ازآن ﺟﻬﺖ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣـ ﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧـﺪ ﺑـﻪ ﺣﻔﻆ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﯿﺎن ﮔﻮﯾﺸﻮران ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻫﺎي ﮐﻼﻣﯽ و رﻓﺘﺎري ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﻨﺪ. اﻣﺮوزه ﺗﻔـﺎوت ﻫـﺎي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ در زﻣﺮه ي ارزش ﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي و ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ.

Nowadays, in the linguistics of socialization, new aspects of verbal and non-verbal behavior are discussed, such as patience and tolerance in the face of different thoughts and unpleasant / Inappropriate speech of the speaker for the listener. Russian linguists have equated patience with tolerance, while patience has a positive semantic dimension and tolerance has a negative dimension. The concepts of patience and tolerance have received less attention from Iranian linguists. Mostly, the moral and religious aspects of these concepts have been of interest to Iranians. The problem of the present study is how to have an environment with peace in associating with other cultures? This question arises both in the intercultural relationship and in the relationship between different and diverse cultures. The goal is to find ways to avoid the formation of an aggressive social environment. The importance of the subject is because the research findings can help maintain the relationship between speakers of different verbal and behavioral cultures. Today, cultural differences are among the social and global values. The research method in the present study is library research and descriptive research.