طراحي و ساخت شناور‌هاي Gps براي بررسي سرعت جريان سطحي در مجاري روباز

Design and construction of GPS vessels to investigate surface flow velocities in open channels

اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن در ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ دﯾﮕﺮ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ ﻫﺎي ﻫﯿﺪروﻟﯿﮑﯽ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﻧﻈﯿﺮ دﺑﯽ و رﺳﻮبﮔﺬاري اﻫﻤﯿﺖ دارد. در دﻫﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ، ﺑﺮآورد ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن در ﻣﺠﺎري روﺑﺎز ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﻣﺤﻘﻘﯿﻦ را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد ﻣﻌﻄﻮف داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ازآﻧﺠﺎﮐﻪ روشﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن در ﻣﺠﺎري روﺑﺎز ﻋﻤﻼً ﭘﺮﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﻪ ﻧﺪرت ﻣﻮرداﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ، در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﻨﺎورﻫﺎي Gps ارزان ﻗﯿﻤﺖ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪازهﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ در اﺷﮑﺎل اﺳﺘﻮاﻧﻪاي و ﮐﺮوي، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن در ﻣﺠﺎري روﺑﺎز ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﺮﻋﺖ از Gps و ﮐﺮﻧﻮﻣﺘﺮ و ﻣﺘﺮ ﻧﻮاري اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ اﺧﺘﻼف اﻧﺪك اﯾﻦ دو وﺳﯿﻠﻪ را در ﺑﺮآورد ﻣﻘﺪار ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد. اﯾﻦ ﺷﻨﺎورﻫﺎ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺣﺮﮐﺖ آنﻫﺎ از راه دور ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه اﺳﺖ، ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﻣﺠﺎري روﺑﺎز در ﺑﺎزهﻫﺎي زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭼﻨﺪدﻗﯿﻘﻪ اي ﺗﺎ ﭼﻨﺪﺳﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از دو اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﺷﻨﺎورﻫﺎي Gps ﯾﮑﯽ در ﮐﺎﻧﺎل آب واﻗﻊ در آﻗﺎ ﺳﯿﺪ ﺷﺮﯾﻒ ﺷﻔﺖ و دﯾﮕﺮي ﻧﻬﺮي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ واﻗﻊ در ﻣﺎﮐﻠﻮان ﻓﻮﻣﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ اﯾﻦ ﺷﻨﺎورﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ارزانﺗﺮ ﺑﻮده و از دﻗﺖ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻦ ﺷﻨﺎورﻫﺎ، ﻣﯽﺗﻮان از آنﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺳﻄﺤﯽ در ﻣﺠﺎري روﺑﺎز اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮد.

Flow rate measurement is important in estimating other hydraulic flow parameters such as discharge and sedimentation. In recent decades, estimating flow velocity in open channels has attracted the attention of many researchers. Since flow velocity measurement methods in open channels are practically expensive and rarely used, in this study, by designing inexpensive GPS vessels with different sizes in cylindrical shapes and Spherical, velocity flow in open channels was investigated. GPS, stopwatch, and tape measure were used to measure the velocity, and comparing the results of these tools with each other showed a slight difference between the devices in estimating the velocity value. These vessels were used for open channels with several minutes to several hours intervals. The results of two field measurements of GPS vessels were analyzed, one in the water channel located in Agha Seyed Sharif Shaft and the other in a natural stream located in Fouman. The cost of construction of these vessels was much cheaper than other flow velocity measuring instruments and they had good accuracy.