پديد آورندگان :
قلي زاده، امير سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترو يج كشاورزي گرگان - مركز تحقيقات و آموزش كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي گلستان - بخش تحقيقات علوم زراعي و باغي , غفاري، مهدي سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج كشاورزي كرج - مؤسسه تحقيقات اصلاح و تهيه نهال و بذر - بخش تحقيقات دانه هاي روغني
كليدواژه :
باي‌پلات ژنوتيپ در عملكرد × صفت , شاخص GYT , همبستگي , هيبريد
چكيده فارسي :
انتخاب ژنوتيپ‌هاي پرمحصول در آفتابگردان از اهميت بالايي برخوردار است. در اين راستا تعداد 24 هيبريد جديد آفتابگردان به¬همراه رقم گلسا در ايستگاه تحقيقات كشاورزي گرگان در قالب طرح لاتيس ساده (5×5) با دو تكرار طي سال زراعي 1399 مورد ارزيابي قرار گرفتند. در اين تحقيق به‌منظور مطالعه روابط ميان صفات مختلف و گزينش هيبريدهاي جديد آفتابگردان بر اساس تركيبات عملكرد- صفت از روش جديد باي‌پلات ژنوتيپ در عملكرد × صفت (GYT) استفاده شد. نتايج نمايش چندضلعي باي‌پلات GYT نشان داد كه ژنوتيپ 19G در تركيب قطر ساقه، قطر طبق، تعداد دانه در طبق، وزن هزار دانه، زودرسي و تعداد برگ با عملكرد دانه، بهترين ژنوتيپ بود. ژنوتيپ 5G نيز در تركيب ارتفاع بوته، ارتفاع طبق از سطح زمين، طول برگ، عرض برگ و طول دمبرگ با عملكرد دانه، ژنوتيب برتر بود. بر اساس نمايش مختصات تستر متوسط (ATC) باي‌پلات GYT، ژنوتيپ‌هاي 5G و 19G به‌عنوان بهترين و ژنوتيپ‌هاي 24G، 23G و 25G به‌عنوان ضعيف‌ترين ژنوتيپ‌ها از نظر كليه تركيبات مثبت عملكرد- صفت شناخته شدند. با توجه به نتايج، همبستگي مثبت معني‌داري بين صفات تعداد دانه در طبق، وزن هزار دانه و زودرسي در تركيب با عملكرد دانه مشاهده شد. همچنين اين صفات از وراثت‌پذيري عمومي بالايي برخوردار بودند. بنابراين به¬نظر مي‌رسد كه صفات تعداد دانه در طبق، وزن هزار دانه و زودرسي مي‌توانند به‌عنوان معيارهاي مناسب براي انتخاب براي افزايش عملكرد دانه در آفتابگردان مورد استفاده قرار گيرند.
چكيده لاتين :
Selection of high yielding genotypes is very important in sunflower. Thus, 24 new sunflower hybrids along with Golsa cultivar were evaluated in a simple lattice design (5×5) with two replications in the Agriculture Research Station of Gorgan, north of Iran, during 2020. The genotype by yield × trait (GYT) biplot method was used in order to study the relationships between different traits and to select the new hybrids of sunflower based on yield-trait combinations. The result of polygon view of GYT biplot indicated that G19 was the best genotype in terms of the combination of seed yield with traits such as stem diameter, head diameter, seed number per head, thousand seed weight, early maturity and leaf number. Similarity, G5 also was superior genotype in terms of the combination of seed yield with a number of traits, including plant height, head height from ground level, leaf length, leaf width and petiole length. Based on average tester coordinate (ATC) view of GYT biplot, the genotypes G19 and G5 in terms of all positive yield-trait combinations were recognized as the best genotypes and genotypes G24, G23 and G25 as the weakest genotypes. A significant positive correlation was observed between seed number per head, thousand seed weight and early maturity in combination with seed yield. Moreover, these traits had high broad sense heritability. Therefore, it seems that traits such as seed number per head, thousand seed weight and early maturity could be used as suitable selection criterions for increasing seed yield in sunflower.Selection of high yielding genotypes is very important in sunflower. Thus, 24 new sunflower hybrids along with Golsa cultivar were evaluated in a simple lattice design (5×5) with two replications in the Agriculture Research Station of Gorgan, north of Iran, during 2020. The genotype by yield × trait (GYT) biplot method was used in order to study the relationships between different traits and to select the new hybrids of sunflower based on yield-trait combinations. The result of polygon view of GYT biplot indicated that G19 was the best genotype in terms of the combination of seed yield with traits such as stem diameter, head diameter, seed number per head, thousand seed weight, early maturity and leaf number. Similarity, G5 also was superior genotype in terms of the combination of seed yield with a number of traits, including plant height, head height from ground level, leaf length, leaf width and petiole length. Based on average tester coordinate (ATC) view of GYT biplot, the genotypes G19 and G5 in terms of all positive yield-trait combinations were recognized as the best genotypes and genotypes G24, G23 and G25 as the weakest genotypes. A significant positive correlation was observed between seed number per head, thousand seed weight and early maturity in combination with seed yield. Moreover, these traits had high broad sense heritability. Therefore, it seems that traits such as seed number per head, thousand seed weight and early maturity could be used as suitable selection criterions for increasing seed yield in sunflower.
