نگرش پرواربندان در ارتباط با عوامل مؤثر بر توسعه واحدهاي پرواربندي گوساله نر در استان گيلان

Attitudes of fatteners concerning the factors affecting the development of male calf fattening units in Guilan province

ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﮕﺮش ﭘﺮوارﺑﻨﺪان در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوارﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﻮﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﺮ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻼن ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم رﺳﯿﺪ. دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ آن ﺑﻪ وﺳﯿﻠﻪ 10 ﻧﻔﺮ از اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ ﻓﻦ اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/92 ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﭘﺮوارﺑﻨﺪان 52 واﺣﺪ ﻓﻌﺎل ﭘﺮوارﺑﻨﺪي در اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻼن ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﻤﺎم ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﮐﺎرآﯾﯽ ﻓﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روﯾﮑﺮد ﺑﺎزده ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ و ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/961 و 0/941 ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎرآﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوارﺑﻨﺪي در اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻼن را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ رﺿﺎﯾﺖ ﭘﺮوارﺑﻨﺪان از اداﻣﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﮐﺎري در ﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﮕﺮش ﭘﺮوارﺑﻨﺪان در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوارﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﻮﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﺮ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻼن ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻧﮕﺮش ﭘﺮوارﺑﻨﺪان را در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ اﺑﻌﺎد اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوارﺑﻨﺪان، ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري و اراﺋﻪ ﮐﻼسﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ- ﺗﺮوﯾﺠﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار داد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ از ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﭘﺮوارﺑﻨﺪان، ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري و ﺷﺮﮐﺖ در ﮐﻼسﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ-ﺗﺮوﯾﺠﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪاي روي ﭘﺮوارﺑﻨﺪي دارﻧﺪ و ﺣﺪود 95 درﺻﺪ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات آن را ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ.

The present descriptive-survey research was conducted to investigate attitudes of fatteners about the factors affecting the development of male calf fattening units in Guilan province. The data of the present study were collected through a questionnaire and its validity was controlled by 10 professors and its reliability was obtained by calculating the Cronbach's coefficient of 0.92. The study population of fatteners included 52 active fattening units in Guilan province which were census. This research was conducted in two separate sections. The purpose of the first part was to be aware of the current situation of fattening in the province that the results showed that the average technical efficiency using the variable and constant efficiency approach to the scale is equal to 0.961 and 0.941, respectively, which show the high production efficiency of fattening units in Guilan province and also fatteners' satisfaction with continuing their work was moderate. The second part of the study sought to examine the attitude of fatteners about the factors affecting the development of male calf fattening units in Guilan province, which examined the attitude of fatteners about social, economic, fattening cooperatives, structure, and presentation of educational-extension courses. The results showed that from the point of view of fatteners, indicators of economic, structural, and participation in educational-extension courses have a significant impact on fattening and explain about 95% of its changes.