عوامل سازماني- شغلي مؤثر بر كيفيت زندگي معلمان ابتدايي استان سيستان و بلوچستان: يك پژوهش كيفي

Organizational-Occupational Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of Primary Teachers in Sistan and Baluchestan Province: A Qualitative Research

ﯾﮑﯽ از اﻫﺪاف دﯾﺮﯾﻨﻪي ﺑﺸﺮﯾﺖ، ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﺑﺮاي زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ و ارﺗﻘﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ_ ﺷﻐﻠﯽ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن و ﺑﻠﻮﭼﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﻮد. روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎ ﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﮐﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﻌﯿﺎر اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮي، ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ 14 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺧﺒﺮه اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار MAXQDA18 در ﻗﺎﻟـﺐ ﮐﺪﮔـﺬاري ﺑﺎز و ﻣﺤﻮري ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ رواﯾﯽ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ، از روش »ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﻋﻀﺎء«، »ﺳﻪ ﺳﻮﯾﻪ ﻧﮕﺮي ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ«، »ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻫﻤﮑﺎر«، »ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي ﻧﺎﻇﺮان« و »ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﮐُﺪﮔﺬار« اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ 10 ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪي ﻋﻤﺪه ﺷﺎﻣﻞ: ارﺗﻘﺎي وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن، ارﺗﻘﺎي ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺖ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﯽ، ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت ﺑﯿﻦ ﻓﺮدي در ﻣﺪرﺳﻪ، ﻓﻀﺎي ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﻣﺪرﺳﻪ، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽﻫﺎ در ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﯽ، ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﻪﺳﺎﻻري، ﺣﺠﻢ ﮐﺎري، رﺿﺎﯾﺖ ﺷﻐﻠﯽ، ﻋﺪم ﻓﺮﺳﻮدﮔﯽ ﺷﻐﻠﯽ، اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت رﻓﺎﻫﯽ و ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ و ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺤﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن؛ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﻐﻠﯽ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن از وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ- ﺷﻐﻠﯽ در دوره اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﮔﻼﯾﻪﻣﻨﺪ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ، در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ آﻣﻮزشوﭘﺮورش ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺟﻬﺖ ارﺗﻘﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن اﯾﻦ دوره، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻣﻌﯿﺸﺖ و ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺖ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﻧﻤﻮده و ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻗﺮاري ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ در ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ و ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت و ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﮐﺮدن اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت و زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ و رﻓﺎﻫﯽ، اﯾﻦ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت را ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﺪ.

One of the long-standing goals of humanity has been to seek a better life and improve the quality of life. The purpose of this study was to identify organizational-occupational factors affecting the quality of life of primary school teachers in Sistan and Baluchestan province. research methodology: this study was conducted with a qualitative approach of content analysis. In this regard, using purposive sampling method and applying theoretical saturation criteria, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 expert teachers. Data analysis was performed using open MAXQDA18 software in open coding format. To evaluate the validity and reliability, the methods of "review by members", "three-way resource", "peer review", "review of observers" and "reliability between two coders" were used. Findings: Findings Finally, 10 major categories including improving the economic status of teachers, improving the status of the teaching profession, interpersonal interactions at school, the physical atmosphere of the school, the development of competencies in the teaching profession, organizational justice and meritocracy, workload, job satisfaction, burnout, welfare facilities and Health and recreation suitable for teachers; Were identified as organizational-professional factors affecting the quality of life of teachers. Conclusion: the results indicate that teachers are complaining about the status of organizational-occupational factors in the primary school. Also, providing appropriate health and welfare facilities and infrastructure to minimize these problems.