وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي روانﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮي ادراك ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ و ﭘﺬﯾﺮش اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ دﺧﺘﺮ ﭘﯿﺶ دﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ

Analyzing the Psychometric Properties of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for preschool girls

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي روانﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮي ادراك ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ و ﭘﺬﯾﺮش اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن دﺧﺘﺮ ﭘﯿﺶ دﺑﺴﺘﺎن، ﺑﺎ روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ، اﻋﺘﺒﺎر و رواﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ دو ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ را ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ وارﯾﻤﺎﮐﺲ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار داده اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﺮم و ﻫﻨﺠﺎر اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮي ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ 450 ﮐﻮدك دﺧﺘﺮ ﭘﯿﺶ دﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ و 250 ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﭘﯿﺶ دﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﺎﮐﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 4 ،1، 19 ،14 ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻋﻘﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﻮزان ﻫﺎرﺗﺮ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮي ادراك ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ و ﭘﺬﯾﺮش اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﮐﻮدك دﺧﺘﺮ ﭘﯿﺶ دﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/77 ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺎﻻي از اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﻮاﻻت ﻣﻘﯿﺎس اﺳﺖ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ رواﯾﯽ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ وارﯾﻤﺎﮐﺲ 5 ﻋﺎﻣﻞ از ﻣﻘﯿﺎس اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺎدري، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ، ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﺑﻮدن، ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﺪﻫﻨﺪه اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس از ﻧﺮم و ﻫﻨﺠﺎر ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ادراك ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ و ﭘﺬﯾﺮش اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻓﺮم ﮐﻮدك و ﻓﺮم ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/46 ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ادراك ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ وﭘﺬﯾﺮش اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ 95% اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري وﺟﻮد دارد.

The purpose of this study is was to investigate the psychometric properties of pictorial scale of perceived competence and social acceptance of pre-school girls, and test the validity and reliability of these two variables by using Varimax rotational exploratory analysis. This study will also an‎d examine the normative of pictorial scale of perceived competence and social acceptance. The sample size of this study was 450 preschool girls and 250 preschool teachers. This sample was selected from in districts 1, 4, 14 and, 19 were selected using cluster sampling. This study is based on the ideas of Susan Harter. The results of this study, show that The validity of the visual recognition scale of perceived competency and social acceptance of the preschool girl's child was 0.77, indicating a high degree of validity between scale questions. Also, the validity of the scale was confirmed by factor analysis method and using the varimax rotation exploratory factor analysis Five factors have been extracted from the scale that include the maternal, social, physical, cognitive, and independent factors that indicate that the scale has a suitable norm and softness in the Iranian society. Also, the correlation coefficient between competence perception and social acceptance of the child's form an‎d the teacher's form was 0.46, which represents a That is, there is a meaningful relationship between perceived competence and social acceptance at 95% confidence level.